BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE OF PAIN AVOIDANCE : COGNITIVE AND MOTIVATIONAL BIASES UNDERMINING PAIN CONTROLLABILITY

疼痛回避的行为神经科学：认知和动机偏差破坏疼痛控制能力

• 批准号: RGPIN-2016-06682
• 负责人: Roy, Mathieu
• 金额: $ 2.4万
• 依托单位: McGill University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2018-01-01 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=663835
• 关键词: BEHAVIORAL; NEUROSCIENCE; PAIN; AVOIDANCE; COGNITIVE

Pain signals the presence of an urgent threat to our corporal integrity; it calls for our complete attention and commands immediate action. However, pain also marks an error in the long chain of decisions that ultimately led us to expose ourselves to danger. Pain therefore also compels us to reassess our future action plans. The effects of pain thus resonate far beyond the immediate painful experience: anticipation of future pain based on past painful experiences influences our current decisions, mood, and pain sensitivity. Hence, from the standpoint of behavioral control systems, unremitting uncontrollable pain is the worst possible scenario one can be confronted with. Unfortunately, this is the challenge that millions of patients with chronic pain are facing every day. Alas, we are still lacking basic knowledge of the neurophysiological mechanisms underlying pain's behavioral effects, as research in humans has so far predominantly focused on the immediate experiential properties of painful stimulations (i.e., how pain feels). The objective of the proposed research program will therefore be to identify the cerebral mechanisms underlying cognitive and motivational biases that can undermine successful control over pain.*******The proposed research program encompasses three studies, each comprising an electroencephalography (EEG) and a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) experiment. The combination of these two techniques will allow us to examine the precise spatial and temporal characteristics of the cerebral responses to pain and its anticipation as a function of controllability. More specifically, study 1 will examine the instrumental learning deficits that follow from a period of uncontrollable pain. This phenomenon, called “learned helplessness”, often leads people to stop trying to control the pain even when they could possibly learn to control it. Study 2 will examine risk and ambiguity aversion biases, i.e. cognitive biases that bring us to overestimate the risk of pain and often lead to disadvantageous decisions. Finally, study 3 will investigate confirmation biases that makes it difficult to learn that pain may not be as high as we expected. Altogether, these studies will further our understanding of the cerebral mechanisms underlying cognitive and motivational biases that can impair behavioral control over pain, a topic which is highly relevant for the millions of Canadians living with chronic pain every day.**

痛苦表明我们的企业诚信面临着紧急威胁；它需要我们全神贯注并立即采取行动，然而，痛苦也标志着一连串决策中的错误，最终导致我们面临危险。因此，疼痛的影响远远超出了当前的痛苦经历：基于过去的痛苦经历对未来疼痛的预期会影响我们当前的决定、情绪和疼痛敏感性。系统，持续不断的无法控制的疼痛不幸的是，这是数百万慢性疼痛患者每天面临的挑战，遗憾的是，正如对人类的研究一样，我们仍然缺乏关于疼痛行为影响的神经生理学机制的基本知识。迄今为止，主要关注疼痛刺激的直接体验特性（即疼痛的感觉），因此，拟议研究计划的目标是确定可能破坏对疼痛成功控制的认知和动机偏差背后的大脑机制。* ******拟议的研究计划包括三项研究，每项都包括脑电图（EEG）和功能磁共振成像（fMRI）实验，这两种技术的结合将使我们能够检查大脑对疼痛及其焦虑的反应的精确空间和时间特征。更具体地说，研究 1 将检查一段时期的无法控制的疼痛所导致的工具性学习缺陷，这种现象被称为“习得性无助”，通常会导致人们停止尝试控制疼痛，即使他们可能学会控制疼痛。控制它。研究 2 将研究风险和模糊性厌恶偏差，即导致我们高估疼痛风险并常常导致不利决策的认知偏差。最后，研究 3 将调查确认偏差，这些偏差使我们很难得知疼痛可能并不那么严重。总而言之，这些研究将进一步加深我们对认知和动机偏见背后的大脑机制的理解，这些偏见会损害对疼痛的行为控制，这个话题与每天患有慢性疼痛的数百万加拿大人密切相关。**