Thermal anisotropy of urban areas

城市地区的热各向异性

• 批准号: RGPIN-2016-05586
• 负责人: Voogt, James
• 金额: $ 2.26万
• 依托单位: University of Western Ontario
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2017-01-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=633961
• 关键词: Thermal; anisotropy; urban; areas

Cities, now home to over half the world’s population, create important modifications to the surface and atmosphere. These changes result in distinct urban climates that affect local weather, the demand for energy, the livability of cities and the export of pollutants and greenhouse gases to larger scale climates. The temperatures of urban surfaces are a key component of urban climate because they represent a solution to the surface energy budget - the inputs and outputs of heat at the surface. Thus, accurate measurement and modeling of urban surface temperatures is critical for understanding the processes that create urban climates. Urban surfaces are also targets for the intentional modification of urban climates. For example, white or green roofs are types of ‘cool’ surfaces that attempt to modify local climates through manipulation of their surface temperature. Such measures are becoming more important as cities seek to adapt to large scale climate change and provide means to mitigate local heat and use of energy that drives greenhouse gas emissions.

城市现在居住着世界一半以上的人口，这些变化导致了独特的城市气候，影响当地的天气、能源需求、城市的宜居性以及污染物和温室气体的排放。城市地表温度是城市气候的关键组成部分，因为它们代表了地表能量预算（地表热量的输入和输出）的解决方案，因此，城市地表温度的准确测量和建模至关重要。了解创造的过程城市表面也是有意改变城市气候的目标，例如，白色或绿色屋顶是试图通过控制表面温度来改变当地气候的类型。城市寻求适应大规模的气候变化，并提供减少当地热量和使用导致温室气体排放的能源的方法。