Endophytic root associated fungi in the prairie: distribution and role in dryland

草原内生根相关真菌：在旱地的分布和作用

• 批准号: 173141-2010
• 负责人: Hamel, Chantal
• 金额: $ 1.76万
• 依托单位: Université de Montréal
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2017-01-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=632189
• 关键词: Endophytic; root; associated; fungi; prairie

We found large amounts of non-mycorrhizal root associated fungi (RAF) in the root of field-grown prairie grasses in semiarid Saskatchewan. RAF may be important associates of plants living in extreme environments, where they share root occupation with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi. The abundance of these RAF in asymptomatic plant roots in our region of the Prairie often exceeds that of AM fungi, suggesting that RAF may influence importantly the productivity of native and crop plants under the reduced moisture conditions prevailing in the Canadian Prairie. Recent research in our laboratory suggests that some RAF can improve plant tolerance to drought, an effect that may differ in C3 and C4 plants. We propose to clarify, through greenhouse experiments using local isolates, the effect of RAF on the drought tolerance of native C3 and C4 prairie grasses, but also on main crop species, such as wheat and pulses. We propose DNA analysis, through applications of cloning and terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (TRFLP) methods, to define the distribution of the RAF in three important Prairie ecosystems. We will document the community of RAF colonizing the roots of wheat in cultivated fields, of crested wheatgrass in roadsides, and native grasses in prairie remnant ecosystems. We will apply multivariate analyses on data collected through sampling campaigns conducted in the agricultural regions of the Prairie, to identify the environmental drivers of RAF diversity distribution and define possible RAF-AM fungi interactions. This research will set a base line for monitoring the resource in a context of global change, and contribute to the fields of biogeography and landscape ecology, microbial ecology, plant-microbe interaction, agricultural biotechnology development, and has implication in wheat production. Four PhD students will be trained.

我们在半干旱的萨斯喀彻温省田间种植的草原草的根部发现了大量非菌根根相关真菌（RAF）。 RAF 可能是生活在极端环境中的植物的重要伙伴，它们与丛枝菌根 (AM) 真菌共享根系。我们大草原地区无症状植物根部中这些 RAF 的丰度通常超过 AM 真菌，这表明在加拿大大草原普遍存在的水分减少条件下，RAF 可能对本地植物和农作物的生产力产生重要影响。我们实验室最近的研究表明，一些 RAF 可以提高植物对干旱的耐受性，这种效果在 C3 和 C4 植物中可能有所不同。我们建议通过使用当地分离株的温室实验来阐明 RAF 对本地 C3 和 C4 草原草的耐旱性的影响，以及对小麦和豆类等主要作物物种的影响。我们建议通过应用克隆和末端限制性片段长度多态性 (TRFLP) 方法进行 DNA 分析，以确定 RAF 在三个重要草原生态系统中的分布。我们将记录英国皇家空军的群落，它们在耕地中的小麦根部、路边的凤头小麦草以及草原残余生态系统中的本土草上定居。我们将对通过在草原农业区进行的抽样活动收集的数据进行多变量分析，以确定 RAF 多样性分布的环境驱动因素，并确定可能的 RAF-AM 真菌相互作用。该研究将为全球变化背景下的资源监测奠定基础，对生物地理学和景观生态学、微生物生态学、植物-微生物相互作用、农业生物技术发展等领域做出贡献，并对小麦生产产生影响。将培养四名博士生。