Filling the gaps in current Life cycle impact assessment framework

填补当前生命周期影响评估框架的空白

• 批准号: RGPIN-2015-04385
• 负责人: Margni, Manuele
• 金额: $ 2.48万
• 依托单位: École Polytechnique de Montréal
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2016-01-01 至 2017-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=612933
• 关键词: Filling; gaps; current; Life; cycle

The research program of my second discovery grant aims at addressing current methodological shortcomings and identified research gaps on human toxicity and water use in Life cycle impact assessment (LCIA) by (A) developing an operational model to assess occupational exposure in LCA and (B) developing a robust modeling framework and operational method linking freshwater use to potential impacts on the Ecosystem quality impact indicators. It builds on the knowledge developed from my previous Discovery grant research program and other research activities supported by complementary founding. A characterization model accounting for occupational exposure in LCA is first developed by directly linking monitored occupational exposure concentrations, labor hours in each sector and effect factors to potential human health damages. It is evaluated through a case study form a furniture company, where a full LCA will be performed including human health burdens from occupational exposur. The methodology, originally developed for the US context, will then transposed into to Canadian and French contexts with the aim to analyze the importance of regional variability in addition to model uncertainty. The outcomes of this project will be transposed to the work health & safety domain to assist companies to improve their emission control capacities beyond regulatory threshold and increase their overall risk management across their value chain by developing occupational exposure sectorial benchmarks to which companies would compare and improve their own performances. A robust framework linking water use to potential impacts on ecosystem quality is first developed building on a systematic analysis of published methods and scientific consensus building from an international group of LCA and water footprint experts. Building on these recommendations a characterization model to asses ecosystem quality impacts from hydroelectricity production (i.e. from water regulation and management in reservoirs) is then developed quantifying the effects of hydrological variables (e.g., water levels, discharge, time to reach full pool) on aquatic species population dynamics. These developments will be implemented in IMPACT World+ and used to evaluate the kilowatt-hour of HydroQuébec.

我的第二项发现资助的研究计划旨在解决当前的方法学缺陷，并通过（A）开发评估生命周期影响评估（LCIA）中的职业暴露的操作模型和（B）来确定生命周期影响评估（LCIA）中人体毒性和用水的研究空白开发一个强大的建模框架和操作方法，将淡水利用与对生态系统质量影响指标的潜在影响联系起来。它建立在我之前的发现资助研究计划和补充基金会支持的其他研究活动的知识基础上。 首先通过将监测到的职业暴露浓度、每个部门的劳动时间和影响因素与潜在的人类健康损害直接联系起来，建立了 LCA 中职业暴露的特征模型。该模型通过一家家具公司的案例研究进行了评估，其中进行了完整的 LCA。该方法最初是针对美国背景而开发的，随后将被移植到加拿大和法国背景中，目的是分析区域变异性以及模型不确定性的重要性。项目将转移到工作中健康与安全领域，帮助公司提高排放控制能力，使其超出监管阈值，并通过制定职业暴露行业基准来提高其整个价值链的整体风险管理，公司将与这些基准进行比较和提高自身绩效。 首先，基于对已发表的方法的系统分析以及由 LCA 和水足迹专家组成的国际小组建立的科学共识，建立了一个将用水与对生态系统质量的潜在影响联系起来的强大框架，并根据这些建议建立了评估生态系统质量影响的表征模型。然后开发来自水力发电（即水库的水调节和管理）的方法，量化水文变量（例如水位、流量、达到满池的时间）对水生物种种群动态的影响。 IMPACT World+ 并用于评估魁北克水电公司的千瓦时。