Scanning Nitrogen-Vacancy Centre Magnetometer

扫描氮空位中心磁力计

• 批准号: 506455202
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Major Research Instrumentation
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2022-12-31 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/506455202?language=en
• 关键词: Scanning; Nitrogen; Vacancy; Centre; Magnetometer; Scanning; Nitrogen; Vacancy; Centre; Magnetometer

Quantum mechanical systems are inherently highly sensitive to external disturbances. This makes them ideal candidates for applications as sensors. Quantum sensors have gained significant interest in the development of novel technologies for measuring physical properties such as electromagnetic fields, thermodynamic properties such as temperature, and mechanical properties such as rotation. Compared to conventional sensing techniques based on classical physics, the key benefit of quantum sensors is their high precision. Here, we propose using a scanning nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centre microscope for sensing magnetic fields with ultra-high spatial and temporal resolution. A scanning NV magnetometer combines an optical confocal microscope with an atomic force microscope. A single negatively charged NV defect at the apex of a diamond atomic force microscopy tip is used as an atomic-sized sensor for measuring magnetic fields. For this, the quantum spin state of the NV centre is initialised optically and interacts with the magnetic field in a well-characterised manner. The resulting spin state is read out using optically detected magnetic resonance spectroscopy. This allows for precise and quantitative determination of the magnetic fields under ambient conditions with an easily detectable field of 5-10 µT. By scanning the sharp tip across the sample surface, the scanning NV magnetometer simultaneously records a map of the sample topography and the magnetic field present at the surface with a spatial resolution of down to ~10 nm. In addition to continuous optical and microwave pumping for measuring DC magnetic fields, pulsed measurement using established sequences of optical and microwave pulses allow for higher magnetic field sensitivity down to 0.5-1 µT as well as temporal resolution up to the GHz regime. NV centres' long and environment-dependent coherence times enable noise spectroscopy via spin relaxometry. Conventionally used techniques to image magnetization on the nanoscale such as spin-polarised scanning tunnelling microscopy and X-ray spectroscopy require dedicated sample preparation and complex experimental setups. Alternative techniques such as magnetic force microscopy are based on sensing stray fields. However, most of these techniques are perturbative and are not easily quantifiable. The key benefits of scanning NV microscopes are their wide compatibility with different samples and environments, and the non-perturbative nature of the measurement. Our proposal team has a diverse background with expertise in molecular spintronics, novel magnetic materials and NV magnetometry. We propose to make use of the unique features of the highly versatile scanning NV magnetometer setup for a wide spectrum of research projects ranging from imaging spin textures in magnetic materials in combination with magneto-transport measurements to detecting nuclear magnetic resonance in molecules.

量子机械系统对外部疾病固有地敏感。这使他们成为将应用程序作为传感器的理想候选者。量子传感器对用于测量物理特性（例如电磁场，热力学特性（例如温度）和机械性能（例如旋转）等新技术的开发引起了浓厚的兴趣。与基于经典物理的传统传感技术相比，量子传感器的关键优势是它们的高精度。在这里，我们建议使用扫描氮 - 胶囊（NV）中心显微镜，以进行超高空间和临时分辨率的感应磁场。扫描NV磁力计将光学共聚焦显微镜与原子力显微镜相结合。在钻石原子力显微镜尖端的顶点处的单个带负电荷的NV缺陷用作测量磁场的原子尺寸传感器。为此，NV中心的量子自旋状态是在光学上初始化的，并以良好的方式与磁场相互作用。使用光学检测到的磁共振光谱读取所得的自旋态。这允许在环境条件下以5-10 µT易于检测到的环境条件下的磁场进行精确和定量测定。通过在样品表面扫描尖端，扫描NV磁磁性简单地记录了样品地形图和存在的磁场的图，空间分辨率下降至〜10 nm。除了用于测量直流磁场的连续光学和微波泵送外，使用已建立的光学和微波脉冲序列进行了脉冲测量，还可以使较高的磁场灵敏度降至0.5-1 µT，以及直至GHz状态的临时分辨率。 NV中心的长而依赖环境的相干时间通过自旋松弛使噪声光谱范围。常规使用的技术来对纳米级上的磁化进行成像，例如自旋偏振扫描隧道显微镜和X射线光谱，需要专门的样品制备和复杂的实验设置。诸如磁力显微镜之类的替代技术基于感应杂散场。但是，这些技术中的大多数都是扰动性的，并且不容易量化。扫描NV显微镜的关键好处是我们的提案团队具有不同的背景，具有不同的样本和环境，以及测量的非扰动性质。我们的提案团队具有不同的背景，具有分子旋转，新型磁性材料和NV磁力测定法专家。我们建议利用高度通用的扫描NV磁力计设置的独特功能，用于广泛的研究项目，从磁性材料中的成像旋转纹理以及磁电输送测量结果到检测分子中的核磁共振。