Exploring the black box: coupling above- and belowground plant traits to understand disturbance effects on soil carbon storage in a temperature plantation

探索黑匣子：耦合地上和地下植物性状，以了解温度种植园中土壤碳储存的干扰影响

• 批准号: 121569-2011
• 负责人: Munson, AlisonDale
• 金额: $ 2.91万
• 依托单位: Université Laval
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2014-01-01 至 2015-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=545337
• 关键词: Exploring; black; box; coupling; above

The recent IPCC science meetings clearly underline the need for fundamental science to support understanding of ecosystem feedback to climate change and consequent important policy decisions in the next decades. A key element of this fundamental science program relates to understanding biogeochemical cycles of carbon and nitrogen, as well as how changes in land use and vegetation response may modify these cycles. The current proposal continues 20 years of fundamental research on nutrient cycles in temperate plantation ecosystems, with an emphasis on feedbacks of vegetation changes to these cycles, and the resulting forms and relative stability of carbon in the soil. The present five-year program will integrate the approach of functional plant traits in order to interpret the effects of different plant communities created by intensive silviculture on nutrient cycling and specifically, carbon accumulation and stability in the soil. Specific objectives include: 1) characterize age-related change in plant traits (both green foliage and litter) of dominant tree species (specific leaf area, foliar C and N) ; 2) characterize above- and belowground traits (roots) of dominant tree and understory species to interpret differences in soil carbon accumulation and stability in humus and mineral soil ; 3) further investigate potential soil carbon losses (potential priming effect) in deeper mineral horizons associated with plantation establishment and intensive soil disturbance. Newly accessible methods of mid- and near infrared spectroscopy will be applied to investigate their potential to evaluate both plant tissue chemistry and soil carbon stability more efficiently than current techniques. These next five years of a long term program will simultaneously probe deeper questions of plant feedback on carbon sequestration while synthesizing what will be a 25-year program (in 2011) of research on the same site. To culminate this program I will write a major synthesis paper with previous collaborators and students. These studies are important in order to understand and manage soil carbon accrual in forests, and will also contribute important information to improve current models for predicting carbon dynamics in ecosystems.

最近的 IPCC 科学会议明确强调需要基础科学来支持理解生态系统对气候变化的反馈以及未来几十年的重要政策决策。该基础科学计划的一个关键要素涉及了解碳和氮的生物地球化学循环，以及土地利用和植被反应的变化如何改变这些循环。目前的提案延续了 20 年对温带人工林生态系统养分循环的基础研究，重点是植被变化对这些循环的反馈，以及由此产生的土壤中碳的形式和相对稳定性。目前的五年计划将整合功能性植物性状的方法，以解释集约造林所创造的不同植物群落对养分循环的影响，特别是对土壤中碳积累和稳定性的影响。具体目标包括：1）表征优势树种（比叶面积、叶面碳和氮）植物性状（绿叶和凋落物）与年龄相关的变化； 2）表征优势树种和林下物种的地上和地下特征（根），以解释腐殖质和矿质土壤中土壤碳积累和稳定性的差异； 3) 进一步研究与种植园建设和强烈土壤扰动相关的更深矿层中潜在的土壤碳损失（潜在启动效应）。新的中红外和近红外光谱方法将用于研究其比现有技术更有效地评估植物组织化学和土壤碳稳定性的潜力。接下来五年的长期计划将同时探讨植物对碳固存反馈的更深层次问题，同时综合同一地点的 25 年研究计划（2011 年）。为了完成这个项目，我将与以前的合作者和学生一起写一篇主要的综合论文。这些研究对于理解和管理森林中的土壤碳累积非常重要，也将为改进当前预测生态系统碳动态的模型提供重要信息。