Diversification process of high mountain oaks with uplift of Himalayas and Quaternary climatic changes

喜马拉雅山隆升和第四纪气候变化高山橡树的多样化过程

基本信息

批准号：
17570071
负责人：
MOMOHARA Arata
金额：
$ 1.73万
依托单位：
Chiba University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2005
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2005 至 2006
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-17570071/
关键词：
Evolution Climatic change Quercus Quaternary Himalayas Phytogeography 進化植物化石

项目摘要

The aim of the present research is to clarify the process of the evolution and development of Quercus sect. Heterobalanus (Fagaceae) that dominates in alpine vegetation in and around Himalayas and is considered to have evolved accompanied with uplift of Himalayas. We obtained plant macrofossil assemblages including Quercus sect. Heterobalanus from the Kathmandu, Nepal and southwestern Yunnan by sieving sediments to reconstruct paleovegetation with the paleoenvironments based on composition of the fossil assemblages. We collaborated with Dr. Zhou ZK. in the Yunnan Institute of Botany, Academia Sinica for identification of fossils with the discussion. We collected geological data as for climatic fluctuation in the Plio-Pleistocene in East Asia with data of plant macrofossil assemblages from the Uonuma Group in central Japan to produce paleoclimatic curve since 2.4Ma. We compared plant macrofossil data including Quercus sect. Hetelobalanus in and around Himalayas with the paleoclimatic data in and around Japan. In the fossil assemblages form Nepal and southwest China, fossils of Quercus sect. Hetelobalanus occur with Picea and Abies that indicate cold climate. This shows that this section expanded the distribution in the glacial stages since the late Pliocene and was confined in higher altitudes in the interglacial stages. A fossil assemblage from southwestern Yunnan Province described by Momohara et al. (2006) indicated that the forest zone of subalpine evergreen conifer and alpine Hetelobalanus vegetation was distributed in the altitude about 1000m lower than extant elevation in a late Pliocene cold stage. Thus, the vegetation zones migarate about 1000 m vertically with the glacial-interglacial climatic cycles since the late Pliocene not only in the middle latitudes including Japan but also in alpine areas in lower latitude including Himalayas and southern China and it enhanced the expansion and speciation of Quercus sect. Heterobalanus since the late Cenozoic.

本研究的目的是阐明Quercus Sect的进化和发展过程。异性恋（Fagaceae）在喜马拉雅山脉及其周围及其周围的高山植被中占主导地位，被认为是在喜马拉雅山的隆起伴随的。我们获得了植物大化石组合，包括Quercus Sect。来自加德满都，尼泊尔和西南云南的异质性通过筛分沉积物，基于化石组合的组成，用古环境重建古植物。我们与周ZK博士合作。在苏尼卡学术界的植物学学院，在讨论中识别化石。我们收集了地质数据，即在东亚的Plio-pelyperene的气候波动中，以及来自日本中部Uonuma集团的植物巨型化石组合的数据，以自2.4mA以来产生古气候曲线。我们比较了包括Quercus Sect在内的植物大化石数据。喜马拉雅山及其周围的Hetelobalanus在日本及其周围及其周围具有古气候数据。在尼泊尔和西南中国的化石组合中，Quercus Sect的化石。 hetelobalanus发生在表明气候寒冷的picea和Abies中。这表明本节扩大了自上新世以来冰川阶段的分布，并限制在冰期间阶段的较高高度中。 Momohara等人描述的西南云南省的化石组合。（2006年）表明，在上新世寒冷的晚期，在比现场高度低约1000m的海拔高度中分布在亚高山常绿针叶树和高山植物的森林区。因此，由于上新世晚期，不仅在包括日本在内的中纬度地区，而且在包括喜马拉雅山脉和中国南部的高纬度地区，植被带与冰川间冰之间的气候周期垂直约1000 m。自新生代以来的异质性。