Effect of nutritional substances on regulation of thermogenesis in chicken muscle

营养物质对鸡肌肉产热调节的影响

基本信息

批准号：
14560232
负责人：
KOH Katsuki
金额：
$ 2.3万
依托单位：
Shinshu University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2002
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2002 至 2005
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

1. Construction and improvement of the system. In 2002, an indirect, open-circuit calorimeter system was constructed, but this system had a little problem with the accuracy. In 2003, dehumidifiers were added to the respiratory chambers to improve accuracy. In 2004, the number of the respiratory chamber was increased, and consequently, the stream selector and control program were modified. In 2005, this system had a problem with the control system, probably because of a cumulative problem in the operating system. Therefore, the operating system was change from Win-me to Win-XP, and the control program and air-mixing fans were modified in this opportunity.2. Ambient temperature and diet-induced thermogenesis (DIT). Feeding enough energy to chickens kept at low ambient temperature is not easy, because of limited feed intake. In this experiment, required nutrients at low ambient temperature were examined. The results obtained here showed that body temperature was maintained by increased energy in diets, but incidence of ascites increased probably because of impaired cardiovascular function, such as hyper-tension.3. Nutrients and heat production. The relationship between dietary protein level and heat production in chickens was examined. Thermogenic effect of protein was remarkable and dose-dependent, but further effect was not observed when protein level exceeded 20%. In addition, the age of chickens seems to have a relation to the degree of heat production. The relationship between dietary fat level and heat production was examined. Fat had little thermogenic effect. Although fatty acids were not believed to be useful respiratory substrates, acetate was used as a respiratory substrate faster than glucose.

1、制度建设与完善。 2002年，建造了间接开路量热仪系统，但该系统在精度方面存在一些问题。 2003年，呼吸室添加了除湿器以提高准确性。 2004年，增加了呼吸室数量，修改了流路选择器和控制程序。 2005年，这个系统的控制系统出现了问题，可能是因为操作系统的累积问题。因此，操作系统由Win-me改为Win-XP，并以此为契机修改了控制程序和混风风扇。 2．环境温度和饮食诱导产热（DIT）。由于采食量有限，给处于低环境温度下的鸡喂食足够的能量并不容易。在这个实验中，研究了低环境温度下所需的营养物质。这里获得的结果表明，通过增加饮食中的能量可以维持体温，但腹水发生率增加可能是由于心血管功能受损，例如高血压。3．营养物质和热量的产生。研究了鸡的日粮蛋白质水平和产热量之间的关系。蛋白质的生热效应显着且呈剂量依赖性，但当蛋白质水平超过20%时未观察到进一步的效应。此外，鸡的年龄似乎与产热程度有关。研究了膳食脂肪水平和产热之间的关系。脂肪几乎没有生热作用。尽管脂肪酸不被认为是有用的呼吸底物，但乙酸盐比葡萄糖更快地用作呼吸底物。