Development and Social Impact of Welfare NPOs under the Public Long Term Care Insurance Law

公共长期护理保险法下福利非营利组织的发展和社会影响

基本信息

批准号：
15601003
负责人：
ADACHI Kiyoshi
金额：
$ 2.24万
依托单位：
KYUSHU UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2003 至 2004
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-15601003/
关键词：
Public Long Term Care Insurance Welfare Nonprofit Organization Baby Boomer Generation AARP Age Concern Care NPOs Ralph Kramer's theory Care Nonprofits 介護保険制度インパクトアナリシス行政との協働 Age Concern England 特定非営利活動法人(NPO法人)宅老所グループホーム

项目摘要

Nonprofit Organization Law (1998) and Public Long Term Care Insurance Law (1999) have stimulated the rapid growth of Nonprofit Organizations in Japan. This paper discusses why and how this took place. After examining the theory, definition and functional analysis by Ralph Kramer on Voluntary Organizations, I developed a categorization of welfare NPOs' functions. They are (1)vanguard function, (2)improver/advocate, (3)value guardian and, (4)service provision. Then I applied this categorization to the "Care Nonprofits in Japan (defined as NPOs providing care services under the Public Long Term Care Insurance Law)". Care NPOs have typical characteristics and functions of Kramer's theory. Why has this happened in the field of welfare and Public Long term Care Insurance? My view is that most of successful Care NPOs have begun providing voluntary care services for the elderly in community before NPO law and Public Long Term Care Insurance Law. They emerged outside Japanese statutory Social Welfare system, and have had reputation for responding to unmet needs in the community. They developed different organizational characters and salient leadership styles. Therefore, if the institutional and legal infrastructure had established, Care NPOs will assume new roles in the future. I also discuss the problems and challenges the NPOs currently face in Japan. Comparing the rise of research paper regarding NPOs in the US, I overlook and disoiss the research agendas of Welfare Sociology in this field.

《非营利组织法》（1998年）和《公共长期护理保险法》（1999年）刺激了日本非营利组织的快速发展。本文讨论了这种情况发生的原因和方式。在研究了 Ralph Kramer 关于志愿组织的理论、定义和功能分析后，我对福利非营利组织的功能进行了分类。它们是（1）先锋职能，（2）改进者/倡导者，（3）价值守护者和（4）服务提供。然后我将此分类应用于“日本的护理非营利组织（定义为根据公共长期护理保险法提供护理服务的非营利组织）”。关怀非营利组织具有克莱默理论的典型特征和功能。为什么在福利和公共长期护理保险领域会出现这种情况？我的看法是，大多数成功的护理非营利组织在非营利组织法和公共长期护理保险法之前就已经开始为社区老年人提供志愿护理服务。他们出现在日本法定社会福利体系之外，并因响应社区未满足的需求而享有盛誉。他们形成了不同的组织特征和显着的领导风格。因此，如果制度和法律基础设施已经建立，关怀非营利组织将在未来承担新的角色。我还讨论了日本非营利组织目前面临的问题和挑战。对比美国非营利组织研究论文的兴起，我忽视并扰乱了福利社会学在这一领域的研究议程。