Oil Degrading Ability and Characterization of Oil Degrading Bacteria Isolated from Digestive Gland in Mytilus galloprovincialis.

贻贝消化腺中分离的油降解细菌的油降解能力和特征。

• 批准号: 14580583
• 负责人: NAKAMURA Shogo
• 金额: $ 1.79万
• 依托单位: Toyama University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2002 至 2003
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-14580583/
• 关键词: Oil degrading bacteria; Mytilus galloprovinoialis; Bioremediation; 海洋汚染; Alcanivorax属; 富山湾; 重油

We have isolated 4 kinds of oil degrading bacteria(ODB) from the digestive gland of Mytilus galloprovincialis and 3 kinds of ODB from the sea water around fishery harbors are habitats of M.galloprovincialis. Then we tried to characterize them and to measure their oil degradation rate.【RESEARCH RESULTS】1.Characterization : All kinds of bacteria showed non-motile rod shape. Optimum growth temperature of these bacteria was 30℃. From DNA sequence of the 16SrRNA gene, band-pattern of SDS-PAGE and the observation of fine structures, the species of bacteria in each group were identified as Alcanivorax sp. SDS-PAGE showed that the band-patterns of 7 Alcanivorax sp. were similar, but there were some minor differences. From this result, we speculated that 7 Alcanivorax sp. are distinct species or strains of Alcanivorax sp. 2.Degradation rates : Their abilities to degrade oil were examined by the change in the dry weight of the heavy oil with which they were incubated. The degradation rates of bacteria from M.galloprovincialis were about 10%-30%, and the degradation rates of bacteria from the sea water were below 10%. The culture medium with heavy oil increased cell densities about 10 times or more in comparison with it without heavy oil. This result indicates that these bacteria can utilize heavy oil component(s). 3.Mechanisms of oil degradation : We have observed the heavy oil was emulsified by the concentrated culture medium of Alcanivorax sp. SDS-PAGE showed that the most prominent component band was a lipopolysaccharide, and then we have speculated that the lipopolysaccharide acts as a bio-surfactant for the degradation.

我们从地中海贻贝的消化腺中分离出4种石油降解菌（ODB），并从地中海贻贝栖息地的渔港周围海水中分离出3种ODB，并对其进行了表征和测定。 【研究结果】1.特征：从DNA来看，这些细菌的最适生长温度为30℃。通过16SrRNA基因序列、SDS-PAGE条带图谱及精细结构观察,将各组细菌鉴定为Alcanivorax sp. SDS-PAGE显示7个Alcanivorax sp.的条带图谱相似。但从这个结果中，我们推测 7 个 Alcanivorax sp. 是不同的 Alcanivorax sp. 物种或品系。 2.降解率：它们的能力。通过与培养的重油干重的变化来检验其降解油的能力，来自M. galloprovincialis的细菌的降解率约为10%-30%，来自海水的细菌的降解率约为10%-30%。与不含重油的培养基相比，含有重油的培养基增加了约10倍或更多。该结果表明这些细菌可以利用重油成分。 3.油降解机制：我们。我们观察到重油被Alcanivorax sp浓缩培养基乳化，SDS-PAGE显示最突出的成分条带是脂多糖，因此我们推测脂多糖作为生物表面活性剂进行降解。