Development of Production of Functional Polymer Particles in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide

超临界二氧化碳生产功能聚合物颗粒的进展

基本信息

批准号：
12450373
负责人：
OKUBO Masayoshi
金额：
$ 6.98万
依托单位：
Kobe University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2000
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2000 至 2001
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Recently, in addition to water, there have been increasing interests in supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO_2) as environmentally favorable media. The use of scCO_2 as medium for polymerizations has several potential advantages : low cost, low toxicily, eases of medium removal and recycling, and marked variations of solubility power, viscosity and polarity by relatively small changes in temperature and pressure without altering medium composition. The papers describing the dispersion polymerization of vinyl monomers such as methyl methacrylate (MMA) and styrene in scCO_2 have been published in the past eight years. Some fluorinated polymers and poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS)-based polymers have been identified as being soluble in CO_2 or CO_2-philic and have been used as colloidal stabilizers, and there has been increasing interest on the colloidal stabilizers which are effective in scCO_2. In general, PDMS-based polymers may have advantages over fluorinated polymers from the viewpoints that PDMS-based polymers are much less expensive and their solubility in conventional organic solvents makes the characterization of the products obtained easy. In this research, PMMA particles could be produced by dispersion polymerization of MMA in scCO_2 using PDMS-based azoinitiator as inistab (initiator + stabilizer). Production of PMMA particles by the dispersion polymerization of MMA in scCO_2 in the presence of amino propyl terminated PDMS as colloidal stabilizer was also succeeded.Moreover, polydivinylbiphenyl particles were produced by precipitation polymerization of divinylbiphenyl without any stabilizer in scCO_2 at ca. 30 MPa for 24 h at 65℃. The effects of initiation rate of polymerization on the conversion, the fluidity of powder, the degree of coagulation/ the amount of low molecular weight by-products, and the amount of vinyl groups in the particles were examined.

最近，除了水之外，人们对超临界二氧化碳（scCO_2）作为环境友好的介质越来越感兴趣。使用scCO_2作为聚合介质具有几个潜在的优点：低成本、低毒性、易于介质去除和回收。在不改变介质组成的情况下，通过相对较小的温度和压力变化，溶解力、粘度和极性会发生显着变化。这些论文描述了乙烯基单体（例如甲基丙烯酸甲酯）的分散聚合。在过去的八年中，已经发表了一些氟化聚合物和聚二甲基硅氧烷（PDMS）基聚合物，这些聚合物可溶于CO_2或亲CO_2，并已被用作胶体稳定剂。人们对在 scCO_2 中有效的胶体稳定剂越来越感兴趣。一般来说，基于 PDMS 的聚合物可能比氟化聚合物具有优势。从PDMS基聚合物便宜得多且其在传统有机溶剂中的溶解度使得所得产品的表征变得容易的角度来看，在本研究中，可以使用PDMS基偶氮引发剂通过MMA在scCO_2中的分散聚合来生产PMMA颗粒。 inistab（引发剂 + 稳定剂）。在氨基丙基封端的 PDMS 胶体存在下，通过 MMA 在 scCO_2 中的分散聚合生产 PMMA 颗粒。此外，在不加任何稳定剂的情况下，二乙烯基联苯在scCO_2压力约30 MPa、65℃条件下沉淀聚合24 h，制备了聚二乙烯基联苯颗粒。检查凝结度/低分子量副产物的量以及颗粒中乙烯基的量。