Christianity and Socio-Cultural Changes in South Asian Societies

基督教与南亚社会的社会文化变迁

基本信息

批准号：
11691051
负责人：
SUGIMOTO Yoshio
金额：
$ 4.22万
依托单位：
National Museum of Ethnology
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B).
财政年份：
1999
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1999 至 2000
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-11691051/
关键词：
Mission South Asia India Sri Lanka Mauritius Reunion Religious Nationalism Maria Worship レユニオンマリア信仰

项目摘要

This is a two years project on the civilization of South Asians societies in South India, Sri Lanka, and Western Indian Ocean Area, Mauritius, Reunion and Madagascar, by Christian missionaries after French Revolution, and the socio-cultural changes in these societies. Four members conducted totally nine times field researches in South Asians societies. Project members also read papers in the occasions of seminars in National Museum of Ethnology, Osaka, and Nagasaki Junshin University. The points we explored throughout this project are as follows. 1) Historically, the Christian missionaries has argued about how they reconciled with caste system in India. Dogmatically, Missionaries were to be negative on the caste system. 2) However, actually, they compromised with the caste system. However, there were severe differences among Catholics, Anglicans and Protestants, more than that, among missionary societies. 3) As the result of twisted process, the socio-cultural changes in South Asian societies also twisted particularly after French Revolution. 4) The religious reform movements under direct and indirect influences of the Christian missionaries transformed into religious nationalism since the missionaries came to the areas along with colonialism after French Revolution. 5) The Maria worship was a key figure to localize the Christianity into the South Asian societies, for Maria was regarded as one of Mother-Goddesses in Hindu Traditions.

这是一个为期两年的项目，研究法国大革命后基督教传教士在南印度、斯里兰卡、西印度洋地区、毛里求斯、留尼汪岛和马达加斯加的南亚社会的文明，以及这些社会的社会文化变化。四位成员对南亚社会进行了九次实地调查。项目成员还在大阪国立民族学博物馆和长崎纯信大学的研讨会上宣读了论文。我们在整个项目中探索的要点如下。 1）历史上，基督教传教士对于如何与印度的种姓制度调和存在争论。从教义上讲，传教士对种姓制度持消极态度。 2）然而，实际上，他们向种姓制度妥协了。然而，天主教徒、英国圣公会和新教徒之间存在着严重的分歧，而传教士团体之间的分歧则更甚。 3）作为扭曲过程的结果，南亚社会的社会文化变迁也发生了扭曲，尤其是法国大革命之后。 4）法国大革命后传教士随着殖民主义来到这些地区，在基督教传教士直接和间接影响下的宗教改革运动转化为宗教民族主义。 5）玛丽亚崇拜是基督教在南亚社会本土化的关键人物，因为玛丽亚在印度教传统中被视为母亲女神之一。