Research on chilling-induced damage as a kind of photoinhibition

作为一种光抑制的冷害损伤研究

• 批准号: 11440233
• 负责人: SONOIKE Kintake
• 金额: $ 9.66万
• 依托单位: The University of Tokyo
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1999 至 2001
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-11440233/
• 关键词: Chilling damage; Stress response; Chilling sensitive plants; Photosynthesis; Chlorophyll; Fluorescence; Photosystem I; Arabidopsis thaliana; 低温傷害; 光阻害; 環境ストレス; 鉄イオウセンター; タンパク質分解; 修復

Green plants undertake photosynthesis. It provides us with most of our living energy and most of our raw materials. All the living organisms on the earth, plants, animals and bacteria, depend on the energy in the sunlight. Because of its importance, the research in photosynthesis has long history, and almost all the structural proteins involved in the photosynthetic electron transport chain have been identified and their genes sequenced by now. Although we have really good static image of photosynthetic apparatus, we do not know much about the dynamic aspects of photosynthesis in ever changing environments. For example, decrease of the photosynthetic activity is observed after exposure of leaves to chilling temperatures. Chilling-induced damage to photosynthesis has three characteristics : existence of threshold temperature, irreversibility, and development of visible symptoms after worming up. Although the cause of these characteristics was enigma for more than 20 years, we found that these characteristics could be explained by the photoinhibition of Photosystem I. Furthermore, we isolated several mutants that showed no specific phenotype under usual growth condition, but peculiar fluorescence kinetics after chilling treatment. The characterization of these mutants must be very useful to understand the molecular mechanisms underlining the temperature response of plants.

绿色植物进行光合作用。它为我们提供了大部分的生命能源和大部分的原材料。地球上所有的生物体，植物、动物和细菌，都依赖于阳光中的能量。由于光合作用的重要性，光合作用的研究有着悠久的历史，迄今为止，几乎所有涉及光合作用电子传递链的结构蛋白都已被鉴定，并且其基因已被测序。尽管我们对光合作用机构有很好的静态图像，但我们对不断变化的环境中光合作用的动态方面了解不多。例如，在叶子暴露于寒冷温度后观察到光合作用活性降低。低温引起的光合作用损害具有三个特点：存在阈值温度、不可逆性、虫后出现明显症状。尽管这些特征的原因在20多年来一直是个谜，但我们发现这些特征可以用光系统I的光抑制来解释。此外，我们分离出几个突变体，它们在通常的生长条件下没有表现出特定的表型，但在生长后表现出奇特的荧光动力学。冷冻处理。这些突变体的表征对于理解植物温度响应的分子机制一定非常有用。

项目成果

Aiba, H.: "Analysis of a cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 genome"PS2001 Proceedings. S41-010. (2001)

Aiba, H.：“蓝藻集胞藻 PCC 6803 基因组的分析”PS2001 论文集。

Higuchi, M.: "Reduction of Mn cluster in the oxygen evolving complex"PS2001 Proceedings. S22-017. (2001)

Higuchi, M.：“氧演化络合物中锰簇的还原”PS2001 论文集。

Aiba, H. et al.: "Analysis of a cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. POC 6803 genome"PS2001 Proceedings. S41-010.

Aiba, H. 等人：“蓝藻集胞藻属 POC 6803 基因组的分析”PS2001 论文集。

Yukako Hihara: "Regulation, Inhibition and Protection of Photosystem I"Regulatory Aspects of Photosynthesis. (in press). (2000)

Yukako Hihara：“光系统 I 的调节、抑制和保护”光合作用的调节方面。

Kudoh, H.: "Development of chlorophyll bleaching in cucumber leaves"PS2001 Proceedings. S8-022. (2001)

Kudoh, H.：“黄瓜叶中叶绿素漂白的发展”PS2001 论文集。