The Characteristics and the Significance of the Early Modern Nosho in the History of Scientific Technique

近代早期技术史的特征及其意义

基本信息

批准号：
09490004
负责人：
SATO Tsuneo
金额：
$ 5.7万
依托单位：
University of Tsukuba
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B).
财政年份：
1997
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1997 至 2000
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-09490004/
关键词：
Agricultural History in Japan History of Scientific Technique Edo-era Nosho Farmer 近世社会産業技術

项目摘要

We have found and collected scattered works of Nosho, which are books and documents on agricultural techniques written in early modern, from various libraries, local history morgues, museums, old families and etc., of all over the country. And those works have been brought out as "Collected Works of Japanese Nosho" (published by Rural Culture Association). Those themes and person in charge are classified as follows : Generalization of Nosho study, "Special Products", "Stockbreeding and Veterinary Surgeon", "Development and Reservation" and "Illustrated Nosho" are in charge of SATO, "Extension of Agricultural Techniques", "Nosho by Scholars", "Regional Nosho" and "Daily Record of Agriculture" are in charge of TOKUNAGA, "Promotion of Rural Villages", "Disaster and Reconstruction" and "Natural History of Animals and Plants, Relief of Famine" are in charge of ETOH, "Horticulture" is in charge of KIMIZUKA, "Processing of Agricultural Products" is in charge of EHARA, "Forestry" is in charge … More of KATO, and "Fishery" is in charge of ITO.We made a generalization of works in this business year. The main contents are follows : SATO clarified the social background of formation of Nosho and the general fashion of the Edo era from the perspectives of Nosho. TOKUNAGA took into considered the idea of circulation (tsukuri-mawashi) and the idea of averaging (tsukuri-narashi) by following works of early modern Nosho. ETO elucidated that the development had caused the disasters in the early modern Japan and the penetration of market economy deteriorated the social tolerance towards disasters. EHARA showed the characteristic of the techniques of food processing industry clear, especially on soybeans. KIMIZUKA clarified the formation and the development of gardening culture in the early modern, by analyzing horticulture books. KATO solved the establishment of forestry techniques by dividing those forest utilization systems of early modern into three stages. ITO cleared up that, about fishery books written in the early modern, there could be found the conversion of understanding from the natural history to that based on observation and science. Less

我们从全国各地的图书馆、地方历史停尸房、博物馆、老家庭等地方发现并收集了零散的农庄著作，这些著作是近代早期有关农业技术的书籍和文献，作为“收集”出版。日本农庄著作》（乡村文化协会出版）。主题和负责人分类如下：农庄研究的概括、特产、畜牧兽医佐藤负责《外科医生》、《开发与保留》和《图解农庄》，《农业技术的推广》、《学者农庄》、《地区农庄》和《农业日报》由德永负责，《 “乡村振兴”、“灾害与重建”、“动植物博物、救荒”负责ETOH负责“园艺”，KIMIZUKA负责“园艺”，EHARA负责“农产品加工”，KATO负责“林业”，ITO负责“渔业”。我们概括了本年度的著作主要内容如下：佐藤从“野庄”的角度阐释了“野庄”形成的社会背景以及江户时代的总体风尚。德永遵循近代早期野庄的著作，考虑了循环（tsukuri-mawashi）和平均（tsukuri-narashi）的思想，阐明了发展造成了近代日本的灾难。市场经济的渗透降低了社会对灾害的承受力，江原清晰地展示了食品加工业的技术特征，尤其是在大豆上阐明了园艺文化的形成和发展。加藤通过分析近代的园艺书籍，将近代的森林利用体系分为三个阶段，解决了林业技术的确立问题。从自然历史到基于观察和科学的理解较少。