Longitudinal study on adaptation process for psycho-social and physical changes in middle life.

中年心理社会和身体变化适应过程的纵向研究。

基本信息

批准号：
09410030
负责人：
UJIIE Tatsuo
金额：
$ 3.26万
依托单位：
Research Center for Life-Long Learning and Education, Fukushima University.
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B).
财政年份：
1997
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1997 至 2000
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Major findings of this study were as follow :(1) Psychological well-being measured using CES-D changed temporally. The changes of CES-D score were weakly correlated with temporal changes of amount of stressors derived from daily activities such as work loadings and interpersonal relationships. Sometimes such kind of hassles leaded people to have a sense of self-efficacy and self-effectiveness.(2) Based on Erikson's idea of life cycle, Fukushima Psycho-Social Development Scale (FPSDS) was developed and a single factor, which was interpreted as a flexible and matured ego functioning, was derived. The score of FPSDS was negatively correlated with CES-D scores. It was also positively correlated with satisfaction to life, quality of activities and amount of social network. The correlation pattern was different by gender. In female, the quality of non-work related activities and the amount of social network correlated with the score of FPSDS, on the contrary the quality of work related activities correlated with the score of FPSDS in male.(3) People in the middle life perceived decreasing of psychological and physical abilities and changes of physical appearance. The perception of aged self was very negative. But frequently they tried to cope with negative feelings. They used various secondary compensation and control strategies.(4) People in the middle life were very active. They had various goals and dreams. Although they had many difficulties and restrictions such as over-loading of work, heavy responsibilities, and serious problems of their children, spouses and old parents, they tried to accomplish their goals and dreams.(5) We found actively coped people and active dreamers. We can expect that they would have an age-appropriated ego functioning and healthy personality and we can get some hints for a productive and healthy middle life through analyses of their psychological characteristics from multiple perspectives.

本研究的主要发现如下：(1)使用CES-D测量的心理幸福感随时间变化。 CES-D评分的变化与日常活动（如工作负荷和人际关系）产生的压力源数量的时间变化呈弱相关。有时这样的麻烦会让人产生一种自我效能感和自我效能感。(2)基于埃里克森的生命周期思想,制定了福岛心理社会发展量表(FPSDS),并以单因子进行解释。作为一种灵活而成熟的自我功能，被派生出来。 FPSDS 得分与 CES-D 得分呈负相关。它还与生活满意度、活动质量和社交网络数量呈正相关。相关模式因性别而异。在女性中，非工作相关活动的质量和社交网络数量与FPSDS得分相关，而在男性中，工作相关活动的质量与FPSDS得分相关。(3)中年人群感知到的心理和身体能力下降以及外貌变化。对年老的自我的看法是非常消极的。但他们经常试图应对负面情绪。他们使用了各种次级补偿和控制策略。(4)中年人非常活跃。他们有不同的目标和梦想。尽管他们面临着工作负担过重、责任繁重、子女、配偶、年迈父母问题严重等诸多困难和限制，但他们还是努力实现自己的目标和梦想。（5）我们发现积极应对者和积极梦想者。我们可以预期他们具有与年龄相适应的自我功能和健康的人格，通过多角度分析他们的心理特征，我们可以得到一些关于富有成效和健康的中年生活的提示。