Collaborative Social Science Research on Urban Earthquake Disaster

城市地震灾害社会科学研究合作

基本信息

批准号：
10044028
负责人：
HAYASHI Haruo
金额：
$ 6.53万
依托单位：
KYOTO UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B).
财政年份：
1998
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1998 至 2000
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-10044028/
关键词：
Earthquake disaster Disaster response Disaster information Damaged Area Estimation DMSP OLS Radiance Calibration Kobe Earthquake Disaster Turkey Kocaeli Earthquake Disaster ヘーワード断層災害復興すまい生活再建被害抑止

项目摘要

In this study, we developed a system that enables us to locate the possible impacted area due to significant earthquakes which occur anywhere in the world based on nighttime lights observed by the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) Operational Linescan System (OLS) within the first 24hours after the event. The estimation is based on the detection of significant reductions or loss of lights in two consecutive nighttime images that one is taken before and one right after the event, for it can be expected that city lights will observably decrease after a large earthquake due to various reasons such as electricity failure, building collapses, evacuation to shelters and the suspension of commercial activities. This system goes through the following processing steps : 1) acquiring the earthquake hypocenter data through the Internet, which is for example announced by the USGS, 2) determining the sampled area of images by the attenuation formula of earthquake ground motion, 3) selection and download of the corresponding nighttime DMSP/OLS data from National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Geophysical Data Center (NOAA/NGDC), 4) estimating the damaged areas by analyzing the statistically significant decrease in light intensity of the images, 5) creating the thematic map to present the estimation results as geographic information, and 6) disseminating the result map widely and quickly through the WWW.The validity of our estimation has been established for some recent earthquake disasters such as the 1995 Hyogo-ken Nanbu Earthquake in Japan, the 1999 Kocaeli Earthquake in Turkey, and the 1999 Chi-Chi Earthquake in Taiwan.

在这项研究中，我们开发了一个系统，使我们能够根据世界上任何地方的地震来定位可能受到的影响区域，这是根据国防气象卫星计划（DMSP）操作线can系统（OLS）在事件发生后的前24小时内观察到的。该估计是基于在两次之前拍摄的连续两次夜间图像和事件发生后的一个连续两次夜间图像中检测到的，因为可以预期，由于电力故障，诸如电力失败，建造倒塌，疏散，疏散雪橇和商业活动的悬架，城市的灯光会明显减少大量地震后，会大大减少。 This system goes through the following processing steps : 1) acquiring the earthquake hypocenter data through the Internet, which is for example announced by the USGS, 2) determining the sampled area of images by the attenuation formula of earthquake ground motion, 3) selection and download of the corresponding nighttime DMSP/OLS data from National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Geophysical Data Center (NOAA/NGDC), 4) estimating the damaged areas by analyzing the statistically significant decrease in light intensity of the images, 5) creating the thematic map to present the estimation results as geographic information, and 6) disseminating the result map widely and quickly through the WWW.The validity of our estimation has been established for some recent earthquake disasters such as the 1995 Hyogo-ken Nanbu Earthquake in Japan, the 1999 Kocaeli Earthquake in Turkey, and the 1999台湾的Chi-Chi地震。