Development of alloys replacing rare metals for catalysis

开发替代稀有金属催化的合金

• 批准号: 19206072
• 负责人: TSAI An-pang
• 金额: $ 25.54万
• 依托单位: Tohoku University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2007 至 2010
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-19206072/
• 关键词: 金属物性; 触媒; 化学プロセス; 構造機能材料; 燃料電池; ナノ材料; パラジウム代替; 価電子帯構造; Ni-Co; 単結晶; 規則構造; 酸化物; 触媒・化学プロセス; 触媒機能; 浸漬合金法; Ni-Cu; 貴金属代替; 金属物; 金属物性; 触媒; 化学プロセス; 構造機能材料; 燃料電池; ナノ材料; パラジウム代替; 価電子帯構造; Ni-Co; 単結晶; 規則構造; 酸化物; 触媒・化学プロセス; 触媒機能; 浸漬合金法; Ni-Cu; 貴金属代替; 金属物

PdZn shows comparable catalytic selectivity to Cu in steam-reforming of methanol (SRM)reaction reflecting their similar electronic structures near the Fermi level (E_F). First-principles slab calculations for M-Zn (M=Pd, Ni, Pt)reveal that alloying with Zn leads to drastic change in the d-band width of M elements and it is essential for a similar electronic structure to Cu. The reduction of the d-band width is a consequence of the missing M-M pair and the lattice distortion. Measurements for SRM, CO and H_2 adsorptions have been performed for alloy powders of M_<50> Zn_<50> intermetallic compounds and M/ZnO samples and has been verified that chemical properties are expected from calculated electronic density of states (DOS). Unsupported mesoporous intermetallic NiZn and PdZn catalysts are successfully prepared by means of immersion alloying process. The surface areas of resultant alloy catalysts reached over ~ 20 m^2/g. The catalytic properties for steam reforming of methanol (SRM)were completely different from the original unsupported porous Ni and Pd, where the decomposition of methanol and the SRM occurred preferentially on NiCu and PdZn. In terms of selectivity of the reaction, NiCu is very similar to Pd and their similarity in valence DOSs was verified, indicating availability of the idea developed in the present research.

PDZN在甲醇（SRM）反应的蒸汽改革中表现出与Cu的可比催化选择性，反映其在费米水平附近（E_F）附近的相似电子结构。 M-ZN的第一原理平板计算（M = PD，Ni，PT）表明，与Zn合金的合金导致M元素的D波段宽度的急剧变化，对于类似的电子结构与Cu是必不可少的。 D波段宽度的还原是缺失的M-M对和晶格失真的结果。已经对M_ <50> Zn_ <50> Zn_ <50>金属间化合物和M/ZnO样品的合金粉末进行了SRM，CO和H_2吸附的测量值，并已证实化学性能是从计算出的电子密度（DOS）（DOS）中的。无支撑的介孔间质基金属内NIZN和PDZN催化剂是通过浸入合金合金过程成功制备的。所得合金催化剂的表面积超过约20 m^2/g。甲醇（SRM）蒸汽重整的催化特性与原始的无支撑的多孔Ni和PD完全不同，在该甲醇和PD上，甲醇和SRM的分解在NICU和PDZN上优先发生。就反应的选择性而言，NICU与PD非常相似，并且验证了其价值的相似性，表明本研究中发展的想法的可用性。