A study on the cloud formation and modification processes and numerical modeling of YAMASE clouds

山濑云的形成、修改过程及数值模拟研究

基本信息

批准号：
17204039
负责人：
ASANO Shoji
金额：
$ 31.53万
依托单位：
Tohoku University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
财政年份：
2005
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2005 至 2007
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-17204039/
关键词：
YAMASE clouds Numerical modeling of clouds Maritime Atmospheric Boundary Layer Shipboard cloud observation Aircraft measurement Satellite remote sensing Cloud formation processes Cloud parameterization

项目摘要

'Yamase' clouds are one of typical marine boundary-layer clouds, for which the present state-of-the-art performance of weather prediction models and general circulation models is not good enough to properly simulate. Yamase clouds frequently appear over the northwest Pacific region, east off the coast of the Sanriku district, in summer season under easterly cool winds blown out from Okhotsk anti-cyclones. The purpose of the present study is to clarify the formation and evolution processes and the microphysical and radiative properties of Yamase clouds through synthetic observations from such platforms as ship, aircraft, and satellites. The study also aims to improve the performance of numerical models for marine boundary-layer clouds by developing better cloud-parameterization.From the shipboard experiment, we could, for the first time, observe time-variation of the maritime boundary layer in a Yamase event from its beginning to ending. The observational data were used to validate the … More numerical simulations of the Yamase event. From the aircraft observation, we could obtain good in-situ data of microphysical properties of several low-level clouds, for which NOAA satellites observed simultaneously. We compared the cloud microphysical properties retrieved from the NOAA/AVHRR data with those from the aircraft observation. From the comparison, it is shown that the satellite remote sensing of cloud parameters from NOAA/AVHRR data could yield reasonable results. By means of the satellite remote sensing, we studied cloud macro-and micro-physical properties over a wide area of North western-Pacific region. By using these observational data, we analyzed the heat exchange between the sea surface and the atmosphere for Yamase cases and non-Yamase cases. The analysis revealed that the heat exchange along the sea surface and the atmosphere for Yamase cases and non-Yamase cases. The analysis revealed that the heat exchange along the air-mass trajectory plays an important role in formation and evolution of Yamase clouds. We have improved performance of the non-hydrostatic model used to simulate Yamase events by modifying the cloud-radiation and turbulence schemes as well as cloud-parameterizations. We have also developed a few efficient schemes of the 3-dimensional radiative transfer equation for inhomogeneous clouds. The results of the present study may cast a new light on the studies of marine boundary-layer clouds including Yamase clouds. Less

“ Yamase”云是典型的海洋边界层云之一，为此，天气预测模型的最新性能和一般循环模型不足以正确模拟。 Yamase云经常出现在西北太平洋地区，在Sanriku区海岸以东，在夏季，在东方凉风中，从Okhotsk Anti Cyclones吹出。本研究的目的是通过从船，飞机和卫星等平台的合成观测来阐明Yamase云的形成和演化过程以及Yamase云的微物理和辐射特性。该研究还旨在通过开发更好的云参数化来提高海洋边界层云的数值模型的性能。从船上实验中，我们可以首次观察Yamase事件中婚姻边界层的时间变化。观察数据用于验证Yamase事件的更多数值模拟。从飞机观察中，我们可以获得几种低级云的微物理特性的良好的原位数据，而NOAA卫星则简单地观察到了。我们比较了从NOAA/AVHRR数据中从飞机观察中获取的云微物理特性。从比较中可以看出，来自NOAA/AVHRR数据的云参数的卫星遥远灵敏度可以产生合理的结果。通过卫星遥感，我们研究了西北太平洋地区广泛地区的云宏观和微物理特性。通过使用这些观察数据，我们分析了Yamase病例和非Yamase病例的海面和大气之间的热交换。分析表明，沿海面的热交换和yamase病例和非yamase病例的大气。沿空气质量轨迹的热交换在Yamase云的形成和演变中起着重要作用。我们改善了通过修改云辐射和湍流方案以及云参数化来模拟Yamase事件的非静态模型的性能。我们还开发了一些针对不均匀云的3维辐射转移方程的有效方案。本研究的结果可能会对包括Yamase云在内的海洋边界层云进行新的启示。较少的