A Mixed Methods Design for Computational Genre Stylistics and Unstructured Genres. Towards a Functional History of 19th Century German Novellas.

计算流派文体学和非结构化流派的混合方法设计。

• 批准号: 449668519
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Julian Schröter
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Department of Philosophy
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: WBP Fellowship
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2019-12-31 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/449668519?language=en
• 关键词: Mixed; Methods; Design; Computational; Genre

The German novella, which is actually split up into two genres, that of the ›Novelle‹ and that of the ›Erzählung‹, is a highly controversial genre. One academic group believes that the Novelle is the most stringent form of prose fiction. This group claims that there has to be acknowledged a fundamental difference between the strictly defined ›Novelle‹ and the more loose field of the ›Erzählungen‹. In contradiction to the first group, the second academic group believes that ›Novelle‹ and ›Erzählung‹ are not different genres but one amorphous mass. The general goal of the project is to understand and to clarify this contradiction. Up to now, research has overlooked one central aspect that helps to understand this contradiction: There is a dialectical structure at the core of the concepts of ›Novelle‹ and ›Erzählung‹ with regard to the relationship between poetics and reading practice. The structure is dialectical, because the poetological concept and reading experience do not match in the case of ›Novellen‹. In the 19th century, writers and readers had a sense of this dialectics: They had strong expectations regarding the aesthetic uniformity of ›Novellen‹ within poetological discourse, but acknowledged at the same time that these expectations were disappointed in practice. The concept of ›Erzählung‹ lacks this dialectical structure. The project will describe and explain this dialectics and thus yield a deeper understanding of the cultural structure of historical genres. I will try to reach this goal by two tasks:The first task is to elaborate a mixed methods design that allows to connect three dimensions: the use of genre labels, textual features, and medial and social context factors. The second task is to develop the requisite methodology of data modeling. Up to now, computational genre stylistics has been modeling textual features mostly as document-term-matrices based on bag of words models. However, this modeling does not suit for testing hypotheses on the dialectical structure of German novellas, because the bag of words model does not transparently represent structural, content based, and poetological genre features. Therefore, genre features which are presumed to be relevant to the semantics of ›Novelle‹ and ›Erzählung‹ have to be modeled. Based on the modeling and operationalization of genre features, empirical hypotheses on the dialectical structure of the relevant genre concepts are tested. Finally, the change of the genre semantics and practices is worked out as the conceptual history of the German novella genres. This final step is based on an adaption of supervised machine learning, which is also called ›perspectival modeling‹.In this way, the project will help to better understand the actual rules of the use of genre concepts in literary history, and it will also offer the requisite but not yet available methodology of a computational, context oriented, and historical analysis of loosely structured genres.

实际上被分为两种流派的德国中篇小说是› newsele×和›Erzählung的类型，这是一种极具争议性的类型。一个学术团体认为，新颖是最严格的散文小说形式。该小组声称，必须承认严格定义的›新颖的新颖和更松散的领域之间必须承认›Erzählungen×。与第一组相反，第二个学术小组认为›新颖和›Erzählung×并非不同的类型，而是一个无定形的质量。该项目的一般目标是理解和澄清这一矛盾。到目前为止，研究一直忽略了一个有助于理解这一矛盾的中心方面：关于诗学与阅读实践之间的关系，在› newsele×和›Erzählung的概念的核心上存在辩证结构。该结构是辩证的，因为在Novellen€的情况下，诗学概念和阅读经验与不匹配。在19世纪，作家和读者对这种辩证法有一种理解：他们对诗歌论内的novellen ach的美学统一性有着强烈的期望，但同时承认这些期望在实践中感到失望。 ›Erzählung的概念缺乏这种辩证结构。该项目将描述和解释这种辩证法，从而对历史流派的文化结构产生更深入的了解。我将尝试通过两个任务来实现这一目标：第一个任务是详细说明一种混合方法设计，该设计允许连接三个维度：使用类型标签，文本功能以及媒体和社交环境因素。第二个任务是开发数据建模的必要方法。到目前为止，计算流派风格学一直在建模文本功能，主要是基于单词模型的文档学期诊断。但是，这种建模并不适合在德国中篇小说的辩证结构上测试假设，因为单词模型的袋子并不能透明地代表结构，基于内容和诗学类型特征。因此，必须建模与› ethle x和›Erzählung ‹的语义相关的流派特征必须进行建模。基于流派特征的建模和操作，测试了有关相关类型概念的辩证结构的经验假设。最后，类型的语义和实践的变化是德国中篇小说类型的概念史。最后一步是基于对监督机器学习的适应，这也称为›透视建模™。通过这种方式，该项目将有助于更好地理解文学历史上使用体裁概念的实际规则，并且还将提供必要的方法，但尚未提供计算，上下文，上下文和历史分析，以及宽松的结构化的基本分析。