Morphological studies on the processed of arrival, evolution, and possible extinction of Javanese Homo erectus

爪哇直立人的到来、进化和可能灭绝过程的形态学研究

基本信息

批准号：
15255010
负责人：
BABA Hisao
金额：
$ 16.31万
依托单位：
National Museum of Nature and Science
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2003 至 2006
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-15255010/
关键词：
human evolution paleoanthropology Homo erectus Homo sapiens Java excavation computed tomography out of Africa ジヤワ古人類学人類化石ホモ・エレクトスインドネシア CT サンブンマチャン

项目摘要

Concerning the "arrival of Javanese Homo erectus" we focused on morphological analyses of the relatively abundant mandibular and dental materials. Evolutionary and phylogenetic position of the oldest Javanese hominids has been controversial and various views are expressed by specialists, ranging from "comparable to australopithecines" to "comparable to Zhoukoudian Homo erectus" Lack of comprehensive, systematic comparative analyses on the existing fossil materials is probably one of the major reasons of this confusion. We therefore investigated the majority of the existing fossil materials, taking latest chronological information for these fossils into consideration. The results suggest a view which is intermediate between the above two extreme views : the oldest Javanese hominids are most similar to early Homo erectus from Africa known from Kenya and other regions. At the same time, our analyses indicate that the Sangiran hominids were not homogeneous, but two morphologically distinct … More chronological groups are recognized.Regarding the "evolution and extinction," we focused on cranial remains because this element predominates among the later Pleistocene hominid remains from Java. In spite of the abundant fossil specimens, persistent limitations exist in the previous studies : analyses based on a small portion of the entire collection, and/or use of measurement data published by different researchers with varying methodologies. We observed and measured most of the existing cranial specimens from Java by ourselves, and constructed our own detailed measurement data set which is based on unified method. As a result, we found a series of significant morphological differences between the "early" (Trinil, Sangiran) and "later" (Ngandong) Javanese Homo erectus Furthermore, the three crania from Sambungmacan show largely intermediate morphological characteristics between the earlier and later groups. This supports the phylogenetic continuity in Java. At the same time, a number of morphological specializations seen in the Ngandong crania suggests discontinuity between Homo erectus and Homo sapiens populations in this region. Less

在“爪哇人的到达”中，我们重点介绍了相对层状的质质材料的形态分析。 “在熄灭化石材料上缺乏全面的，系统的比较分析是有可能的。我们是大多数现有化石材料的主要原因，对化石的批准提供了信息。结果暗示了上述两种极端观点：最古老的观点：人类是肯尼亚和其他地区的非洲早期直立的人，同时我们的分析指控桑吉兰人的人类不是同质的，但是两个形态上的截然不同。元素主要来自Java，尽管在先前的研究中存在大量的化石标本并通过我们的详细测量数据集测量了Java的大部分现有标本，这是基于他的“早期”（Trinil，Sangiran）和“后来”（Ngandong）（Ngandong）Javanese Homo Ecrectus Erthermore Erthermore ofthermore ofthermore的详细测量数据集。 Sambungmacan的三个颅骨在java中介导的形态学大多，同时在java中