Mechanism of Salinity Stress and Its Countermeasures in Crop Plants

农作物盐胁迫机理及对策

• 批准号: 15208002
• 负责人: MIYAKE Hiroshi
• 金额: $ 33.86万
• 依托单位: Nagoya University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2003 至 2005
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-15208002/
• 关键词: calcium; chloroplast; crop; potassium; reactive oxygen species; salinity stress; sodium chloride; ultrastructure; 維管束鞘葉緑体; 螢光特性; C_4植物; ジカルボン酸輸送体; 葉肉葉緑体; pH; 苦土石灰; 光酸化; 根端; 水ストレス

When the effects of salinity stress and water stress were compared in rice, damages in chloroplasts were more prominent in salinity stress. Typical symptom of salinity stress was swelling of the thylakoids. Damages in chloroplasts by salinity were severer in light than in the dark even if Na and Cl concentrations and Na/K ratio in the leaf tissues were comparable or higher in the dark. Therefore, the damages in chloroplasts induced by salinity were dependent on light and the involvement of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was suggested. Pretreatment of leaf tissues with ascorbate (versatile scavenger of ROS including H_2O_2) and benzoate (scavenger of ・OH) was effective to reduce damages in chloroplasts by salinity. It is therefore suggested that the damages were caused by ・OH and/or its precursor H_2O_2. Growth inhibition of rice plants by salinity was ameliorated by Ca^<2+> in hydroponic culture but K^+ was more effective in soil culture. Especially, KNO_3 showed ameliorative effects on the yield of rice. There was a strong correlation between growth inhibition and Na/K ratio in the shoot. Therefore, cultivation practice to reduce Na/K ratio in the shoot is effective to reduce salinity stress. Pretreatment of leaf tissues with a low concentration of methyl viologen (ROS producing herbicide) reduced damages in chloroplasts by salinity and increased the activity of ascorbate peroxidase in the leaf. Therefore, treatments to reduce H_2O_2 concentration in the leaf are effective to ameliorate salinity stress.

项目成果

Relationship between salinity-induced damages and aging in rice leaf tissues.

盐度引起的水稻叶片组织损伤与衰老的关系。

• 发表时间: 2003
• 期刊: Plant Production Science 6
• 作者: Mitsuya S;et al.
• 通讯作者: et al.

Structural changes and fate of crystalloplastids during growth of calcium oxalate crystal idioblasts in Japanese yam (Dioscorea japonica thunb.) tubers

• DOI: 10.1626/pps.7.283
• 发表时间: 2004-09-01
• 期刊: PLANT PRODUCTION SCIENCE
• 影响因子: 2.5
• 作者: Kawasaki, M;Taniguchi, M;Miyake, H
• 通讯作者: Miyake, H

Differential effect of NaCl and polyethylene glycol on the ultrastructure of chloroplasts in rice seedlings.

• DOI: 10.1078/0176-1617-00948
• 发表时间: 2003
• 期刊: Journal of plant physiology
• 影响因子: 4.3
• 作者: K. Yamane;M. Kawasaki;M. Taniguchi;H. Miyake

Development of somatic embryo in Lithospermum erythrorhizon Siebb.et Zucc and the stdy on the effect of methyl jasmonate on its maturation.

紫草体细胞胚的发育及茉莉酸甲酯对其成熟影响的研究。

• 发表时间: 2004
• 期刊: Annales Bogorienses 9
• 作者: Mariani;TS.;Ramayanti;O.;Yazaki;K.;Miyake;H.
• 通讯作者: H.

Effect of 2,4-D on indirect somatic embryogenesis and surface structural changes in garlic (Allium sativum L.) cv. Lumbu Hijau.

2,4-D 对大蒜 (Allium sativum L.) 间接体细胞胚胎发生和表面结构变化的影响。

• 发表时间: 2003
• 期刊: Journal Matematika dan Sains 8
• 作者: Mariani TS;et al.
• 通讯作者: et al.