Fundamental Research on Application of Genetic Recombination Technique Wastewater Treatment

基因重组技术应用废水处理基础研究

• 批准号: 03805047
• 负责人: OZAKI Hiroaki
• 金额: $ 1.02万
• 依托单位: KYOTO UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1991
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1991 至 1992
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-03805047/
• 关键词: Halogenated Organic Compounds; Unsaturated Halogenated Aliphatic Compounds; Screening; Purification of Enzyme; Genetic Recombination; Wastewater Treatment; スクリ-ニング; 酵素・精製; 遣伝子組換え

In this research, several investigation were made on the microorganisms and their enzymes which utilize environmental micropollutants as source of cell carbon and energy and/or degrade them. As the compounds of investigation, 2-chloroacrylic acid (CAA) and an azo dye were respectively selected as halogenated and recalcitrant organic compounds among environmentally important micropollutants. The research results for these two organic compounds are as follows:Three species of microorganisms which could utilize 2-chloroacrylic acid as a source of cell carbon and energy, were isolated from various soil samples of different origins. These three microorganisms were confirmed to be Pseudmonas. The characteristics of the dehalogenase of one of these three microorganisms was investigated through a purification of the extracted liquid. The result indicated that the molecular weight of the enzyme was about 50,000 and that the enzymatic activity was relatively high for the similar halogenated orga … More nic compounds with three or less C. With a cloning technique, the dehalogenase gene was introduced into E.coli, and a clonal culture was successfully obtained. (This part of research was carried out under the guidance of Prof. Kenji SODA of the Institute for Chemical Research in Kyoto University.)The microorganisms degradation capability of recalcitrant organic compounds, azo dye, was investigated using Reactive Red B. Also, various environmental conditions for decolourisation were evaluated. Eleven species of microorganisms were isolated from the bacterial culture which was acclimated for a long period of time with an artificial wastewater containing the azo dye and glucose. All eleven species were Gram-negative, and most of them were bacillus. These species showed different decolourisation capability, which positively related to the glucose utilization capability. The experiments using the acclimated and isolated cultures indicated that the decolourisation rate was faster under lower ORP condition, and that easily biodegradable substrates (e.g., glucose and sugar) must exist as energy source. These results suggested that the decolourisation process was carried out through co-metabolism with reductive transformation, and that these microorganisms could effectively decolourise other azo dyes than Reactive Red B. Less

在这项研究中，对利用环境微污染物作为细胞碳和能量来源和/或降解它们的微生物及其酶进行了多项研究，分别以2-氯丙烯酸（CAA）和偶氮染料作为研究化合物。被选为环境重要微污染物中的卤代难降解有机化合物。对这两种有机化合物的研究结果如下： 3种可利用2-氯丙烯酸的微生物。作为细胞碳和能量的来源，从不同来源的各种土壤样品中分离出这三种微生物，通过对提取液体结果的纯化来研究这三种微生物中的一种的脱卤酶的特性。表明该酶的分子量约为50,000，对于具有3个或更少C的同类卤代有机化合物，酶活性较高。通过克隆技术，将脱卤酶基因导入大肠杆菌，并成功获得克隆培养物（这部分研究是在京都大学化学研究所Kenji SODA教授的指导下进行的）。使用活性红 B 对顽固性有机化合物、偶氮染料进行了研究。此外，还评估了从长期适应的细菌培养物中分离出 11 种微生物。与含有偶氮染料和葡萄糖的人工废水的时间相比，所有11个物种都是革兰氏阴性，并且大多数是芽孢杆菌，这些物种表现出不同的脱色能力，这与使用驯化和分离的葡萄糖利用能力呈正相关。培养物表明，在较低ORP条件下，脱色速率较快，并且必须存在易于生物降解的底物（例如葡萄糖和糖）作为能量来源。这些结果表明脱色过程是通过以下方式进行的。与还原转化共代谢，并且这些微生物可以有效地使除活性红 B 之外的其他偶氮染料脱色。更少

项目成果

寺島 泰 尾崎 博明: "アゾ染料の微生物による分解" BIO INDUSTRY. 9. 31-38 (1992)

Yasushi Terashima 和 Hiroaki Ozaki：“偶氮染料的微生物降解”BIO INDUSTRY。9. 31-38 (1992)。

寺島 泰,尾崎 博明: "アゾ染料の微生物による分解" BIO INDUSTRY. 9. 31-38 (1992)

Yasushi Terashima、Hiroaki Ozaki：“偶氮染料的微生物降解”BIO INDUSTRY。9. 31-38 (1992)

Yutaka TERASHIMA & Hiroaki OZAKI: "Biodegradation of Azo Dye" Bio-Industry. Vol.9,NO.4. 31-38 (1992)

寺岛丰