Application of Microparticulate Diets in Seed Production of Fish Larvae

微粒饲料在鱼类幼鱼制种中的应用

基本信息

批准号：
60470140
负责人：
KANAZAWA Akio
金额：
$ 2.05万
依托单位：
Kagoshima University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1985
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1985 至 1986
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-60470140/
关键词：
Microparticulate diet Fish larvae Seed production 栄養要求

项目摘要

In the seed production of Ayu, flounder and red sea bream etc. for aquaculture, live foods such as the rotifer and Artemia Have been widely used However, it requires much facilities and labor to produce a desired amount of live food safely and constantly. Therefore, it is necessary to develope artificial diets as a substitute for the productivity of seed for fish culture.1. Dietary proteins having an essential amino acid pattern similar to that of body are likely to have a high nutritive value for fish. We made some microparticulate diets using various protein sources to simulate the amino acid patterns of the body protein of larval fish. The seed production of Ayu, flounder, red sea bream and carp was carried out with these microparticulate diets. The results indicated a nutritive value corresponding to the live food in terms of growth and survival rates.2. The application of microparticulate diets in the seed prodiction of flounder, protected from the albinism of flounder.3. The application of ascorbate-2-phosphate-Mg in microparticulate diets indicated a high growth and survival rates of Ayu larvae.4. The essential amino acids of Ayu, flounder, carp and Tilapia larvae were demonstrated by HPLC and radioanalyzer.5. The decrease of appetite, whitening of body colour, whitening of vertebra, scoliosis, and convulsions were obsearbed as a deficiency desease of <beta> -carotene, <alpha> -tocopherol, calciferol and menadione in Ayu larvae.6. In order to define the nutritional role of dietary phospholipids (PL) in larval fish, the PL classes and possible fatty acid combinations of phosphatidylcholine (PC) were investigated on the of food organisms such as the micro-algae and rotifers and larval fish. The major PC in the larval fish was those having fatty acid combinations of <C_(16)> <C_(20)> (mainly <C_(16:0)> <C_(20:5w3)> ). <C_(16)> <C_(22)> (mainly <C_(16:0)> <C_(22:6w3)> ), and <C_(18)> <C_(22)> (mainly <C_(18:0)> <C_(22:6w3)> and/or <C_(18:1w9)> <C_(22:6w3)> )

在水产养殖用香鱼、比目鱼、真鲷等的苗种生产中，广泛使用轮虫、丰年虫等活饵料，但为了安全、持续地生产所需量的活饵料，需要大量的设施和劳动力。因此，有必要开发人工饲料来替代鱼类养殖苗种的生产力。 1．具有与人体相似的必需氨基酸模式的膳食蛋白质可能对鱼类具有很高的营养价值。我们使用各种蛋白质来源制作了一些微粒饲料来模拟幼鱼体内蛋白质的氨基酸模式。香鱼、比目鱼、红鲷鱼和鲤鱼的种子生产就是用这些微粒饲料进行的。结果表明，在生长率和成活率方面，营养价值与活食相当。 2．微粒饲料在牙鲆制种中的应用，预防牙鲆白化病。 3．抗坏血酸2-磷酸镁在微粒饲料中的应用表明香鱼幼虫具有较高的生长率和成活率。4．采用HPLC和放射性分析仪对香鱼、鲽鱼、鲤鱼和罗非鱼幼鱼的必需氨基酸进行了测定。 5．香鱼幼虫食欲减退、体色变白、脊椎变白、脊柱侧弯、抽搐等，属于β-胡萝卜素、α-生育酚、钙化醇、甲萘醌缺乏症。 6．为了确定膳食磷脂 (PL) 在幼鱼中的营养作用，研究了微藻、轮虫和幼鱼等食用生物中磷脂酰胆碱 (PC) 的 PL 类别和可能的脂肪酸组合。幼鱼中主要的PC是具有<C_(16)><C_(20)>脂肪酸组合的那些(主要是<C_(16:0)><C_(20:5w3)>)。 <C_(16)> <C_(22)> （主要是 <C_(16:0)> <C_(22:6w3)> ）和 <C_(18)> <C_(22)> （主要是 <C_( 18:0)> <C_(22:6w3)> 和/或 <C_(18:1w9)> <C_(22:6w3)> )