A HISTORICAL STUDY ON THE REPRESENTATIONS OF REASON IN ENGLISH LITERATURE

英国文学中理性表述的历史研究

基本信息

批准号：
06451079
负责人：
TAKADA Yasunari
金额：
$ 3.9万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF TOKYO
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1994
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1994 至 1995
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Our research is mainly conducted around the following two problematics.(1) In constructing a "history" as the story of human beings, there have been as bssic structures both the "cyclic" view and the "linear" conception. The former originates in Classical Antiquity and the latter, having its beginning and end, in the Jewish salvation history. In both instances, it is necessary to present a reasonable explanation of those "historical" events and affairs, which are by their nature essentially "accidantal." In the former case, "reason" tries see in the cyclic movements the "repetitive" structure, which she adopts positively as a principle in historical recognition and understanding. At the same time, however, there is a possibility in which the "repetitive" structure, taken negatively, brings about a nihilistic historical outlook. In the latter case, its "linear" structure, which must essentially be regarded as "irrational" because of God's arbitrary intervention, comes to be represented as Hegel's "cunning of reason." This view is based on the historical assumption that the "linear" structure has been "secularized" and transformed into the modern idea of "progress."(2) If the modern representations of reason is given a symbolic expression in such a "conceptual structure" as the Hegelian "absolute spirit, " and at the same time is bound to face some of the important major political issues, then the "historical reason" in "post-modernity" should inevitably be on guard against any form of political power. At the same time, it must try to establish its own priciple or foundation in relation to various forms of media, which has increasingly gained their momentum. This "historical reason" in "post-modernity" has come to be represented something like "difference, " which Derrida detects between "power" and "knowledge" and shows us in an ingenious manner.

我们的研究主要是围绕以下两个问题进行的。（1）在构建“历史”作为人类的故事时，既有“循环”观点和“线性”概念的BSSIC结构。前者起源于古典古代和后者，在犹太救赎历史上具有起点和终结。在这两种情况下，都必须对那些“历史”事件和事务进行合理的解释，从本质上讲，这些事件和事务本质上是“伪造”的。在前一种情况下，“理性”试图在循环运动中看到“重复”的结构，她在历史认可和理解中积极地将其作为一种原则。然而，与此同时，否定的“重复”结构带来了一种虚无的历史观。在后一种情况下，由于上帝的任意干预，其“线性”结构本质上必须被视为“非理性”，被称为黑格尔的“狡猾的理性”。这种观点基于以下历史假设：“线性”结构已被“世俗化”，并转化为现代的“进步”。（2）如果理性的现代表示在这样的“概念性结构”中具有象征性的表达方式，例如黑格尔“绝对精神”，同时却必须面对任何重要的政治问题，那么在“政治上的重要政治”中应予以支持。同时，它必须尝试建立与各种形式的媒体有关的规定或基础，这些媒体越来越多地获得了势头。在“后现代性”中，这种“历史原因”已经被代表了类似“差异”的事物，德里达在“权力”和“知识”之间检测到，并以巧妙的方式向我们展示。