Declining of Yezo-spruce and the ecology of root-soil area

虾夷云杉的衰退与根土区生态

• 批准号: 04454081
• 负责人: FURUTA Kimito
• 金额: $ 3.78万
• 依托单位: The University of Tokyo
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 1992
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1992 至 1994
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-04454081/
• 关键词: Yezo-spruce; Soil; Microorganisms; Bacteria; Soil animals; Mycorrhiza; Fungi; Acid rain; 土壌微生物; エゾマツ林; 外生菌根菌; ワラジムシ; 土壌理学性; 根圏微生物; 衰弱枯損; 衰弱

Two study plots were established in the Tokyo University forest in Hokkaido. One plot was in a healthy Yezo-spruce stand and the other was in a deleterious stand. Soil conditions, microflora and fauna on soil were compared between the two study plots. Effects of acid rain on soil animals were analyzed experimentally in the field.Comparison of microorganisms isolated from the Yezo-spruce roots from declining and healthy stands was done. In general, the number of total bacteria and actinomycetes of the roots from from the declining stands was larger, while the number of nitrogen-fixing bacteria was much smaller than healthy stands. Bacteria were randomly isolated from the agar plates, and the physiological characteristics of each isdolates were examined. Bacterial flora from the healthy stand was diverse, while rather restricted groups were majorities in the isolates from the declining stand.More soil animals and the higher diversity were found in the declining stands than in the healthy stands. Soil surface of declining stands received much sunshine and was covered with herbs. Existence of these herbs seemed to have contributed to support more soil animals in the declining stand.Effects of acid rain on soil animals were analyzed experimentally in the field. Adverse effects were found on some soil animals and was most remarkable in Porcellio.

在北海道的东京大学森林中建立了两个研究地块。一个情节是在健康的耶佐式摊位中，另一个情节在有害的摊位中。在两个研究图之间比较了土壤条件，菌群和动物群。在实验中对酸雨对土壤动物的影响进行了分析。通常，从下降的林分中的根细菌和根部菌根的数量较大，而固氮细菌的数量比健康的林分小得多。将细菌从琼脂平板中随机分离，并检查了每种溶质酯的生理特征。来自健康林分的细菌菌群是多种多样的，而受限制的群体是分离株的大多数，来自摊位下降的分离株。在摊位中，较少的土壤动物和更高的多样性比在健康的林分中发现了更高的多样性。摊位下降的土壤表面受到了很多阳光，并被草药覆盖。这些草药的存在似乎有助于支持更多的土壤动物在下降的林分中。在田间对土壤动物的酸雨影响进行了分析。在某些土壤动物中发现了不良影响，在猪牛肉中最为显着。

项目成果

Furuta, K.: "Seasonal difference in the abundance of the spruce beetle between inside and outside of the forest." J.Appl.Entom. (In printing).

Furuta, K.：“森林内外云杉甲虫丰度的季节差异。”

Furuta,K,他: "Seasonal difference in the abundance of the spruce beetle between the inside and outside of the to rest" J.Appl. Ent.(印刷中). (1995)

Furuta, K, et al.：“云杉甲虫在休息区内部和外部的丰度的季节差异”J. Appl.（出版中）。

Nioh, I: "Comparisdon of microflora of Yezo spruce roots in the healthy and dele-terious forests." Sinrin-ritti. 36. 51-56 (1994)

Nioh，I：“健康和有害森林中虾夷云杉根部微生物区系的比较。”

Furuta, K.: "Effects of Ipsenol on trap catches of the spruce beetle." J.Jpn.For.Soc.76. 604-606 (1994)

Furuta, K.：“Ipsenol 对云杉甲虫诱捕效果的影响。”

高橋郁雄: "エゾマツの天然材と人工林でみられた外生菌根菌" 日本林学会北海道支部論文集. 42. 143-145 (1994)

Ikuo Takahashi：“在天然云杉木和人工森林中观察到的外生菌根真菌”，日本林业学会北海道分会会议记录，42. 143-145 (1994)。