Impact of transposable elements during animal regeneration

转座元件对动物再生过程的影响

• 批准号: 427970843
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Thomas W. Holstein
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: IMBA - Institute of Molecular Biotechnology GmbH
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 资助国家: 德国
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/427970843?language=en
• 关键词: Impact; transposable; elements; during; animal

Regeneration capabilities vary significantly across multicellular organisms. Studies on the underlying molecular mechanisms and their evolution have largely focused on deciphering the coding gene complement in various model systems with studies of the non-coding genome recently coming into focus. Transposable elements (transposons) comprise the largest portion of the non-coding sequence. Recent data shows that specific transposons are activated during regeneration. Interestingly, on an evolutionary time-scale, transposons can contribute to the characteristic large genome size of many species with extraordinary regeneration capabilities. This is a result of both elevated activity and insertion rate of transposons, cellular defenses against their insertions or deletions, as well as the given population structure and selective pressures that in the long time-scale balances their maintenance or deletion. Combined with their known role in genome stability and generation of regulatory novelty those insights pose key yet still unanswered questions regarding the role of transposons both during the actual process of regeneration as well as a potential evolutionary drive to evolve sophisticated regenerative capabilities.This proposal will compare the transcriptional dynamics of transposons during regeneration and their effect on the genome architecture in two key, phylogenetically informative model systems for regeneration, the cnidarian Hydra magnipapillata and the vertebrate, salamander, Ambystoma mexicanum (axolotl). We will characterize the shared and derived transcriptionally active transposable elements among those two species, providing the first complete overview of regeneration-active elements at the sub-family resolution level. We will then study cellular-level activity of transposons in regenerating tissues and functionally test their role in vivo. We will finally study genome-wide transposon insertion dynamics in consecutively regenerating tissues, such as in the repeated cycles of regeneration during dissociation-reaggregation experiments in hydra or consecutive limb regeneration in axolotl. This experiment will allow us to investigate, on the genome-wide scale, transposon insertion patterns and their effect on core genes involved in injury response and tissue regeneration.Such data will reveal, for the first time, the functional repertoire of transposons during regeneration and the extent to which the genomes are affected during each regenerative cycle, encompassing both developmental and evolutionary time-scales. The data will provide crucial insights into the genome stability, response, as well as modifications to its structure such as the presence of any regeneration-linked hotspots in the genome.

多细胞生物之间的再生能力差异很大。关于潜在的分子机制及其进化的研究主要集中在解解各种模型系统中的编码基因补体，并通过对最近焦点的非编码基因组的研究进行研究。转座元素（转座子）构成了非编码序列的最大部分。最近的数据表明，在再生过程中激活了特定的转座子。有趣的是，在进化的时间尺度上，转座子可以为具有非凡再生能力的许多物种的特征性大基因组大小做出贡献。这是转座子的活性和插入速率升高，针对其插入或缺失的细胞防御率以及给定的种群结构和选择性压力的结果，这些压力从长期以来都平衡了其维护或删除。结合其在基因组稳定性和调节新颖性的产生中的已知作用，这些见解构成了关键，但仍未提出关于转座子在实际再生过程中的作用的问题，以及潜在的进化动力，以进化复杂的再生能力进化。这些提案将比较在调节过程中的启用，这些模型及其在统治过程中的转录模型，构造了型号，构造了构造的构造，这些模型是构造的，构造了效应的效应，构成了效应的效果再生，Cnidarian Hydra Magnipapillata和脊椎动物，Salamander，Ambystoma Mexicanum（Axolotl）。我们将表征这两个物种之间共享和衍生的具有转录活性的可转移元素，从而在亚家庭分辨率水平上提供了第一个完整的再生活性元素的完整概述。然后，我们将研究转座子在再生组织中的细胞水平活性，并在功能上测试其在体内的作用。我们最终将研究连续再生组织中全基因组转座插入动力学，例如在HYDRA的解离反应实验期间的重复再生周期中，或在Axolotl中连续肢体再生。 This experiment will allow us to investigate, on the genome-wide scale, transposon insertion patterns and their effect on core genes involved in injury response and tissue regeneration.Such data will reveal, for the first time, the functional repertoire of transposons during regeneration and the extent to which the genomes are affected during each regenerative cycle, encompassing both developmental and evolutionary time-scales.数据将提供对基因组稳定性，反应以及对其结构的修改的关键见解，例如基因组中任何与再生链接的热点的存在。