The Last Supper Traditions of the New Testament in the Ancient Church

古代教会中新约《最后的晚餐》传统

• 批准号: 427267267
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Matthias Klinghardt
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Evangelische Theologie
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2019-12-31 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/427267267?language=en
• 关键词: Last; Supper; Traditions; New; Testament

The project examines the reception of the New Testament Last Supper traditions, particularly of the so called “words of institution”, in the literature of the ancient church from the second up into the fourth century.The guiding heuristic assumption is that the ancient church’s reception of the Last Supper traditions was in no way restricted to references to the Eucharist: not every recourse to these texts is functionally oriented towards meal theology or the ritual of the Eucharist. Besides “eucharistic” uses, we find countless other thematic complexes that make use of the Last Supper traditions and to which these texts are adapted in different ways, e. g. ecclesiological and Christological discourses, ethical and parenetic contexts, antiheretical or apologetical debates, and many others. In numerous sources, the “eucharistic” backdrop has been presupposed either without sufficient reasoning or in an undifferentiated manner. This has obstructed our view of the diverse semantic potentials that is constitutive of the reception of the Last Supper tradition in the ancient church. Hence, the objective of this project is to lay open the diversity of the reception and to chart it systematically. Against this backdrop, the project intends to write a history of the development of the semantic potential of the Last Supper traditions in the ancient church especially regarding their relation to the ritual of the Eucharist. The project design, therefore, has two aspects:(1) The research data is “mined” via digital text corpora and by using a purely lexical heuristic approach that can access the source material in a broad yet precise way. As a tool for collecting and systematically organizing the sources, the project uses a digital database that allows for the efficient evaluation and processing of the data in a recursive back and forth between data collection and theory development. The research database will be available for subsequent use.(2) The project’s centerpiece is a history of reception study on the semantic potentials of the Last Supper traditions in the ancient church that is building upon the broad collection of research data described under (1). This study aims at a comprehensive understanding of the various semantic potentials and their formation by correlating them with different discourses in the ancient church and systematizing them. Being much broader than questions of dogmatic or ritual history, the reception is expected to cover thematic fields that have not yet been recognized in their plurality and depth. From a synthetic perspective, the study poses, thus, the question of the theological place of the Last Supper tradition between the 2nd and 4th centuries—i.e. before the formation of the liturgies of Late antiquity—and so tries to overcome a central desideratum between New Testament and Late ancient meal theology.

该项目考察了从二世纪到四世纪的古代教会文献中对新约《最后的晚餐》传统的接受，特别是所谓的“制度话语”。指导性的启发式假设是，古代教会的接受《最后的晚餐》传统的内容决不限于对圣体圣事的提及：并非所有对这些文本的引用都在功能上面向膳食神学或圣体圣事的仪式，除了“圣体”用途之外，我们还发现了无数其他主题复合体。利用《最后的晚餐》的传统，并以不同的方式对这些文本进行改编，例如，在许多来源中，“圣体”背景都是如此。这阻碍了我们对构成《最后的晚餐》传统接受的不同语义潜力的看法。因此，该项目的目标是揭示接待的多样性并系统地绘制图表，在此背景下，该项目旨在书写《最后的晚餐》传统的语义潜力的发展历史。因此，项目设计有两个方面：（1）通过数字文本语料库和使用可以访问来源的纯词汇启发式方法“挖掘”研究数据。材料广泛而精确作为收集和系统组织来源的工具，该项目使用数字数据库，可以在数据收集和理论发展之间递归地来回有效地评估和处理数据。 (2) 该项目的核心内容是对古代教堂《最后的晚餐》传统的语义潜力的研究接受史，该研究建立在(1)所述的广泛研究数据收集的基础上。理解各种语义潜力及其形成通过将它们与古代教会中的不同话语联系起来并将其系统化，其范围比教义或仪式历史问题要广泛得多，预计会涵盖尚未在其多样性和深度上得到认可的主题领域。因此，这项研究提出了 2 世纪和 4 世纪之间（即古代晚期礼拜仪式形成之前）的《最后的晚餐》传统的神学地位问题，并试图克服这一问题新约和晚期古代膳食神学。