Complex bridge structures assembled by utilising facetted planar elements made of carbon-reinforced ultra-high performance concrete - Graph-based modularisation and trajectory-sensitive production

利用碳纤维增强超高性能混凝土制成的多面平面元件组装复杂的桥梁结构 - 基于图形的模块化和轨迹敏感生产

• 批准号: 423969184
• 负责人: Professor Dr.-Ing. André Borrmann
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Lehrstuhl für Computergestützte Modellierung und Simulation
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Priority Programmes
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2018-12-31 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/423969184?language=en
• 关键词: Complex; bridge; structures; assembled; utilising

Bridge structures are currently mostly characterised by the fact that essential work is carried out on the construction site and the structure is designed/erected individually, either as a whole or from large-scale individual prefabricated members which are connected on site using conventional joining techniques. This results in long construction times, the quality depends largely on the weather conditions and the skills of the personnel used, and an adaptation, replacement of individual components or even temporary use and subsequent dismantling are not possible or only at great expense. Even when using prefabricated parts, no actual modular design with industrial flow production is possible due to the large individual weights, the low degree of repetition and the comparatively high manufacturing tolerances. The basic idea of the research project is to consistently further develop the modularisation principle by using facetted structural elements made of carbon-reinforced ultra-high performance concrete for bridge construction. The approach, comparable with the geometric division of structures into finite elements, is characterised by a systematic division of the overall system into basic partitions ("modules") which are easy to produce. The boundary conditions to be adhered to here result on the one hand from loads and the structural capacity (especially in module joints), on the other hand from the requirements of manufacture and assembly. The complex problem of optimisation can only be solved by a further development of computer-aided methods and the conception of efficient modules, their production and the associated (variable) joining technology. Therefore, suitable joining methods and individual modules made of ultra-high performance concrete adapted to internal stresses are developed and investigated theoretically and experimentally in the project. Short carbon fibres are used as reinforcement, which can be aligned to the stress paths by module production in 3D printing and thus enable a highly efficient load-bearing behaviour. In addition, the modularisation process is systematically analysed and further developed so that segmentation is largely automatic. On the one hand, the boundary conditions resulting from module production and assembly are to be taken into account, and on the other hand, the module arrangement is to be optimised with regard to static aspects. The semi-automated decomposition into modules is to take place by using a rule-based graph substitution system or a graph grammar, so that on the basis of the initial geometry and boundary conditions different arrangement possibilities of the variable basic modules are generated. Both the conceptual and structural-mechanical investigations as well as the investigations for semi-automated modularisation may provide valuable contributions to the overall goals of the SPP.

目前桥梁结构的主要特点是，基本工作是在施工现场进行的，结构是单独设计/建造的，可以是整体，也可以是使用传统连接技术在现场连接的大型单独预制构件。这导致施工时间长，质量很大程度上取决于天气条件和所用人员的技能，并且不可能进行调整、更换各个部件，甚至临时使用和随后的拆除，或者只能花费巨大的费用。即使使用预制部件，由于单个重量大、重复程度低以及相对较高的制造公差，也无法实现工业流程生产的实际模块化设计。该研究项目的基本思想是通过使用碳纤维增强超高性能混凝土制成的多面结构元件进行桥梁施工，不断进一步发展模块化原理。该方法与将结构几何划分为有限元相类似，其特点是将整个系统系统地划分为易于生成的基本分区（“模块”）。这里要遵守的边界条件一方面来自载荷和结构能力（尤其是模块接头），另一方面来自制造和组装的要求。复杂的优化问题只能通过计算机辅助方法的进一步发展和高效模块的概念、它们的生产以及相关的（可变的）连接技术来解决。因此，在该项目中开发了合适​​的连接方法和由超高性能混凝土制成的适应内应力的单独模块，并进行了理论和实验研究。短碳纤维用作增强材料，可以通过 3D 打印中的模块生产与应力路径对齐，从而实现高效的承载行为。此外，模块化过程得到系统分析和进一步开发，以便分段在很大程度上是自动的。一方面，要考虑模块生产和组装产生的边界条件，另一方面，要在静态方面优化模块布置。模块的半自动分解是通过使用基于规则的图替换系统或图语法来进行的，以便基于初始几何和边界条件生成可变基本模块的不同排列可能性。概念和结构机械研究以及半自动模块化研究都可以为 SPP 的总体目标做出有价值的贡献。