Development of a New Apparatus for Measuring Thermal Conductivities of Fluid Mixtures and Biological Fluids

开发测量流体混合物和生物流体热导率的新仪器

基本信息

批准号：
58850040
负责人：
FUJII Tetsu
金额：
$ 3.84万
依托单位：
Kyushu University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Developmental Scientific Research
财政年份：
1983
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1983 至 1985
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-58850040/
关键词：
Thermal Conductivity Steady Method Small Sphere Free Convection Fluid Mixture 混合流体

项目摘要

This project was performed to develop a new apparatus for measuring thermal conductivities of gases and liquids. The principle of the apparatus is based on the theoretically established heat-transfer-characteristics for steady free convection from an isothermal sphere.A very simple apparatus was devised with a bead thermistor as the heated sphere. From the tests with the apparatus, following results were obtained:(1) Various effects caused by the difference in shape between the thermistor and an ideal sphere, nonuniform temperature distribution due to heterogeneous heat generation in the thermistor and heat loss from lead wires can be accurately estimated by introducing an effective diameter of the thermistor and three apparatus constants.(2) Inner diameter of sample vessel must be larger than about 30 and 40 times of thermistor diameter for liquids and gases, respectively.(3) Inaccuracy of the present method is estimated to be within 2% from the measurements for air, water, ethanol, methanol and refrigerant R113, when the other physical properties are known.(4) The measurements of thermal conductivities of binery liquid mixtures of waterethanol, water-methanol and R113-oil show that this apparatus is effective to the basic study for characteristics of thermal conductivities of fluid mixtures.The measurement for biological fluids has been undertaken.

该项目的目的是开发一种用于测量气体和液体热导率的新设备。该装置的原理基于理论上建立的等温球稳定自由对流的传热特性。设计了一种非常简单的装置，用珠状热敏电阻作为加热球。通过该装置的测试，得到了以下结果：(1)热敏电阻与理想球体的形状差异、热敏电阻内不均匀发热导致的温度分布不均匀以及引线的热损失所造成的各种影响可以得到解决。通过引入热敏电阻的有效直径和三个设备常数来准确估计。(2) 对于液体和气体，样品容器的内径必须分别大于热敏电阻直径的约 30 和 40 倍。(3)当其他物理性质已知时，本方法的测量误差估计在空气、水、乙醇、甲醇和制冷剂 R113 的 2% 以内。 (4) 水乙醇二元液体混合物的热导率测量，水-甲醇和R113-油的实验结果表明，该装置对于流体混合物热导率特性的基础研究是有效的。已对生物流体进行了测量。