Political Assassination and Monarchical Rule in the Hellenistic Period

希腊化时期的政治暗杀与君主统治

• 批准号: 397472831
• 负责人: Dr. Anja Busch
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Arbeitsbereich Alte Geschichte
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2017-12-31 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/397472831?language=en
• 关键词: Political; Assassination; Monarchical; Rule; Hellenistic

Assassinations of politically significant persons have been a means of asserting various political interests in all eras and in all societies. The Hellenistic monarchies were particularly characterised by conflicts over the ruler's throne. These were promoted by the lack of mandatory succession regulations. Only affiliation to the dynasty was a factor in legitimate succession to the throne.Therefore, not only the monarch himself was constantly threatened by attacks from his immediate surroundings, but also all the king's relatives and people in his closer environment had to fear being eliminated by the king as a potential threat. Therefore, not only the monarch himself was constantly threatened by attacks from his immediate surroundings, but also all the king's relatives and people in his closer environment had to fear being eliminated by the king as a potential threat. The question therefore arises as to how a monarch who had secured his rule only by murdering his relatives or other persons close to him, perhaps even only by murdering his predecessor and various pretenders, could legitimise himself. In modern research, the charisma of the ruler is often referred to as the basis for the legitimation of power in Hellenism. However, charisma had first to be developed and proven. This is followed by the question of the elites and members of the court or those politically relevant social groups who, in interaction with the ruler, conceded his charisma or withdrew acceptance of it. The latter could in turn result in the ruler's death. The competition between individual courtiers for the favour of the ruler and the best possible social position at court could also be a threat to the monarch and his relatives. In the strongly hierarchical court societies there was a permanent struggle for power. The Hellenistic monarchies were therefore highly fragile systems. Politically motivated assassinations were virtually the order of the day.This project examines murder as the most extreme form of violence in the context of monarchical rule in Hellenistic times. With the help of modern sociological concepts relating to the triad of power - rule - violence (e.g. following Max Weber and Hannah Arendt) and with regard to the question of the relationship between them in the political discourse of antiquity, the project will contribute to the understanding of monarchical structures of rule and court societies in Hellenistic times.

在所有时代和所有社会中，暗杀政治重要人物一直是维护各种政治利益的手段。希腊化君主政体的特点是围绕统治者王位的冲突。这些都是由于缺乏强制性继承法规而促进的。只有与王朝的隶属关系才是王位合法继承的因素。因此，不仅君主本人经常受到周围环境的攻击，而且所有国王的亲戚和周围的人也不得不担心被消灭。国王作为潜在的威胁。因此，不仅君主本人不断受到来自周围环境的攻击的威胁，而且国王的所有亲戚和周围环境中的人们也不得不担心被国王消灭作为潜在的威胁。因此，问题是，一个仅仅通过谋杀他的亲戚或其他与他关系密切的人，甚至可能只是通过谋杀他的前任和各种觊觎者来确保自己的统治的君主，如何才能使自己合法化。在现代研究中，统治者的魅力常常被认为是希腊文化中权力合法化的基础。然而，魅力必须首先得到发展和证明。接下来是精英和宫廷成员或那些与政治相关的社会团体的问题，他们在与统治者的互动中承认或收回了他的魅力。后者可能反过来导致统治者的死亡。个别朝臣之间为获得统治者的青睐和宫廷中最佳社会地位而进行的竞争也可能对君主及其亲属构成威胁。在等级森严的宫廷社会中，存在着持久的权力斗争。因此，希腊化君主制是非常脆弱的制度。出于政治动机的暗杀实际上已经司空见惯。该项目将谋杀视为希腊化时代君主统治背景下最极端的暴力形式。借助与权力-规则-暴力三元组相关的现代社会学概念（例如遵循马克斯·韦伯和汉娜·阿伦特）以及关于古代政治话语中它们之间的关系问题，该项目将有助于了解希腊化时代统治和宫廷社会的君主制结构。