Between East and West. Social Networks and Environmental Conditions before, during and after the Last Glacial Maximum in Volhynia (Western Ukraine)

东西方之间。

• 批准号: 392605832
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Andreas Maier
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Ur- und Frühgeschichte
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2017-12-31 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/392605832?language=en
• 关键词: Between; East; West.; Social; Networks

The project aims at a better understanding of the development of large-scale social networks of Paleolithic hunter-gatherers around the time of the severest population bottleneck since the arrival of Homo sapiens sapiens in Europe. Archaeological findings show the existence of long-distance communication networks during the early Gravettian (ca. 34-29.000 calBP), reaching from the Atlantic up to the Don river. During the later Gravettian (ca. 29-24.000 calBP) however, a continued climatic deterioration led to a marked population decline and a breakdown of those networks along with a pronounced regionalization of the remaining parts of the population. Beginning with the climatically cool but stable Last Glacial Maximum (ca. 24-19.000 calBP) a consolidation of the European population and the renewed formation of long-distance networks started, which became intensified during the following time. The chronological and chorological details of this development remain unclear. The region of Volhynia in western Ukraine is a key-region for a better understanding of the processes in question. First, the region is located at the junction between two larger settlement areas in Western and Central Europe on the one hand and Eastern Europe on the other. Second, the numerous known open-air sites, dating to the period in question, often with excellent preservation of organic remains and ample loess stratigraphies, provide a promising archive for an interdisciplinary study with closely intertwined geo-scientific, archaeozoological, palynological and archaeological on-site analyses. Moreover, the known outcrops of lithic raw materials and fossil mollusk shells are particularly suited to gain insights into the changing network structures by comparisons with neighboring regions.

该项目旨在更好地了解自智人抵达欧洲以来最严重的人口瓶颈时期旧石器时代狩猎采集者大规模社交网络的发展。考古发现表明，在早期格拉维蒂阶（约 34-29.000 calBP）期间就存在远程通信网络，从大西洋一直延伸到顿河。然而，在后来的格拉维特纪（约 29-24.000 calBP）期间，持续的气候恶化导致人口显着下降和这些网络的崩溃，以及人口剩余部分的明显区域化。从气候凉爽但稳定的末次盛冰期（约 24-19.000 calBP）开始，欧洲人口开始整合，长距离网络重新形成，并在接下来的时间里得到加强。这一发展的时间顺序和年代顺序细节仍不清楚。乌克兰西部的沃里尼亚地区是更好地了解相关过程的关键地区。首先，该地区位于西欧和中欧以及东欧两个较大定居区的交界处。其次，众多已知的露天遗址，可追溯到相关时期，通常具有良好的有机遗迹保存和丰富的黄土地层，为紧密交织的地球科学、考古动物学、孢粉学和考古学的跨学科研究提供了有前景的档案。 - 现场分析。此外，已知的石质原材料和化石软体动物壳的露头特别适合通过与邻近地区的比较来深入了解不断变化的网络结构。