The key physical-chemical processes determining the Composition and Temperature of (exo)planetary atmospheres

决定（外）行星大气成分和温度的关键物理化学过程

• 批准号: 362460241
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Ansgar Reiners
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung (MPS)
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Priority Programmes
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2016-12-31 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/362460241?language=en
• 关键词: key; physical; chemical; processes; determining

Characterizing the atmospheres of extrasolar planets is a new frontier in exoplanetary science, and as such is dependent on observations and interpretation toolkits. This project will develop a novel strategy for addressing a key question in current exoplanetary atmospheric research: what are and how do the key chemical and physical processes determine the atmospheric composition and temperature of exoplanets? Hence, the main objective is to assess if the inclusion and combination of the different physical and chemical mechanisms of planetary atmospheres into the predictions can lead to a comprehensive understanding of planetary atmospheres, considering observations as a key to validation assessment. These issues have only been poorly understood so far, because observational data is still too sparse, present sources of uncertainties and compositions are largely unexplored, and, finally, models are limited by the physical and chemical treatment and lack of accurate predictions. The project will focus on five different levels of understanding: (1) Extending existing planetary atmospheric tools to exoplanets to incorporate the key physics and chemistry into the model; (2) re-analysing archival data as well as detecting atmospheres by new spectroscopic observations with current and near-future facilities -- including higher sensitivity and simultaneous wider coverage of the spectral range offered by VLT/CRIRES+, for which we use guaranteed time-- employing noise reduction, telluric correction analysis and algorithms for searching weak signatures in the data; (3) comparing the observations with the models to investigate which physical and chemical processes are most important; (4) determining the composition and temperature profiles of the observed well-defined selected samples; (5) generating a comprehensive library of templates of selected theoretical spectra of extrasolar planetary atmospheres. The multidisciplinary nature of the project is strong, involving a combination of well-developed astronomical, physical, chemical and computational tools and algorithms.

表征太阳系外行星的大气是系外行星科学的一个新领域，因此依赖于观测和解释工具包。该项目将制定一种新颖的策略来解决当前系外行星大气研究中的一个关键问题：关键的化学和物理过程是什么以及如何决定系外行星的大气成分和温度？因此，主要目标是评估将行星大气的不同物理和化学机制纳入和组合到预测中是否可以导致对行星大气的全面了解，并将观测视为验证评估的关键。到目前为止，人们对这些问题的了解还很有限，因为观测数据仍然太稀疏，目前的不确定性和成分来源在很大程度上尚未得到探索，最后，模型受到物理和化学处理的限制，缺乏准确的预测。该项目将重点关注五个不同层面的理解：（1）将现有的行星大气工具扩展到系外行星，将关键的物理和化学纳入模型中； (2) 重新分析档案数据，并利用当前和不久的将来的设施通过新的光谱观测来探测大气——包括更高的灵敏度和同时更宽的 VLT/CRIRES+ 提供的光谱范围覆盖范围，为此我们使用保证时间- - 采用降噪、大地校正分析和算法来搜索数据中的弱特征； （3）将观察结果与模型进行比较，以研究哪些物理和化学过程是最重要的； (4) 确定观察到的明确选定样品的成分和温度分布； (5) 生成选定的太阳系外行星大气理论光谱的综合模板库。该项目的多学科性质很强，涉及成熟的天文学、物理、化学和计算工具和算法的结合。