An inter-continental comparative study on heat treatment of silcrete raw materials in the South African Middle Stone Age and the Australian Prehistory

南非中石器时代与澳大利亚史前时期硅混凝土原料热处理的洲际比较研究

• 批准号: 324816318
• 负责人: Privatdozent Dr. Patrick Schmidt
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Forschungsbereich Mineralogie und Geodynamik
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2016-12-31 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/324816318?language=en
• 关键词: inter; continental; comparative; study; heat

Anatomically modern humans evolved in Africa during the Middle Stone Age and immigrated to Australia around 50 000 years ago. Both archaeological records document heat treatment of Silcrete, a high quality raw material common to both regions. Did the first Australians bring the technology with them or did it locally evolve? Did heat treatment play the same role in Australian tool making as in South Africa? Was it done in the same way? The aim of this research project is to shed light on these questions by studying and comparing heat-treated silcrete from both continents with archaeological and archaeometric techniques. We will critically analyse the earliest evidence of intentional material transformation in Australia and South Africa where it is considered a proxy for modern behaviour, complex cognition and social learning. By investigating the motivations and techniques of these hunter-gatherers, this project seeks to uncover some of the fundamental mechanisms that drive invention, reinvention and technical convergence.

从解剖学上来说，现代人类在中石器时代的非洲进化而来，并在大约 5 万年前移民到澳大利亚。这两份考古记录都记录了 Silcrete 的热处理，这是两个地区共同的优质原材料。第一批澳大利亚人是带来了这项技术，还是在当地发展起来的？热处理在澳大利亚工具制造中发挥的作用是否与南非相同？是用同样的方法做的吗？该研究项目的目的是通过考古和考古测量技术研究和比较来自两个大陆的热处理硅混凝土，以阐明这些问题。我们将批判性地分析澳大利亚和南非有意物质转化的最早证据，这些转化被认为是现代行为、复杂认知和社会学习的代表。通过调查这些狩猎采集者的动机和技术，该项目旨在揭示推动发明、再发明和技术融合的一些基本机制。

项目成果

Early silcrete heat treatment in Central Australia: Puritjarra and Kulpi Mara

澳大利亚中部的早期硅混凝土热处理：Puritjarra 和 Kulpi Mara

• DOI: 10.1007/s12520-020-01163-6
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences
• 影响因子: 2.2
• 作者: Schmidt; P.; Hiscock; P.
• 通讯作者: P.

How reliable is the visual identification of heat treatment on silcrete? A quantitative verification with a new method

硅混凝土热处理的视觉识别有多可靠？

• DOI: 10.1007/s12520-017-0566-6
• 发表时间: 2019
• 期刊: Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences
• 影响因子: 2.2
• 作者: Schmidt; P.
• 通讯作者: P.

‘Simple’ surface-fire heat treatment significantly improves silcrete flake quality and flaking efficiency

“简单”表面火热处理显着提高硅混凝土片状质量和压片效率

• DOI: 10.1016/j.jasrep.2020.102203
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports
• 作者: Pargeter; J.; Schmidt; P.
• 通讯作者: P.

The antiquity of Australian silcrete heat treatment: Lake Mungo and the Willandra Lakes.

澳大利亚硅混凝土热处理的历史：蒙戈湖和威兰德拉湖

• DOI: 10.1016/j.jhevol.2020.102744
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Journal of human evolution
• 影响因子: 3.2
• 作者: Schmidt; P.; Hiscock; P.
• 通讯作者: P.

When was silcrete heat treatment invented in South Africa?

南非何时发明了硅混凝土热处理？

• DOI: 10.1057/s41599-020-0454-z
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Palgrave Communications
• 影响因子: 4
• 作者: Schmidt; P.; Stynder; D.; Conard; N.J.; Parkington; J.E.
• 通讯作者: J.E.