Cryptic variation in a cryptal environment: Biodiversity and ecology of cave invertebrates in the Central German Uplands

隐秘环境中的隐秘变异：德国中部高地洞穴无脊椎动物的生物多样性和生态学

基本信息

批准号：
323623517
负责人：
Dr. Alexander M. Weigand, Ph.D.
金额：
--
依托单位：
Musée national dhistoire naturelle
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2015-12-31 至 2019-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/323623517?language=en
关键词：
Cryptic variation cryptal environment Biodiversity

项目摘要

The Convention on Biological Diversity defines biodiversity as the variety of genes, species and ecosystems. Biodiversity loss influences the stability of ecosystems, their functions and services as well as sustainable life on our planet. The ongoing and partly anthropogenic-induced biodiversity loss is recognized as one of the central ecological but also societal global risks of our time. However, to measure the loss of gene variants, species and ecosystem types, the status quo has to be assessed first. In particular, knowledge about the genetic diversity and species pool of subterranean ecosystems is missing, preventing any valid statements about present and future biodiversity changes so far. In Germany, 740 species are known from cave and groundwater habitats, which can be classified into three ecological categories: i) eutroglobionts, which are fully adapted to a subterranean life and often demonstrate adaptive morphological traits, ii) eutroglophiles, which form stable underground populations over multiple generations but can colonize comparable surface environments, and iii) subtroglophiles, which actively colonize subterranean habitats only during a particular season or developmental stages.This project investigates the natural level of spatial and seasonal changes in subterranean species pools, identifies cave species affected by tourism and compares the levels of intraspecific genetic diversity among cave species with contrasting mobility and ecological cave-affinities. The project design is composed of six touristic as well as six nearby, near-natural limestone caves of the Central German Uplands, which will be sampled at three time points (winter, spring, summer). Subterranean species pools will be identified by a DNA Metabarcoding approach. The analysis of intraspecific genetic diversity is performed for twelve characteristic cave species within a comparative phylogeographical framework.The results will provide a first comprehensive picture of the ecology, species pool and genetic diversity of cave communities in the Central German Uplands. They will further identify the natural spatial and seasonal dynamics of subterranean species pools, thus to enable a more robust differentiation of natural compared to human-made (touristic) and future climate-induced biodiversity changes.

《生物多样性公约》将生物多样性定义为各种基因，物种和生态系统。生物多样性损失影响生态系统的稳定性，其功能和服务以及我们星球上的可持续生活。持续的和部分人为引起的生物多样性损失被认为是我们这个时代的中心生态学，但也是社会全球风险之一。但是，为了衡量基因变异，物种和生态系统类型的丧失，必须先评估现状。特别是，缺少有关地下生态系统遗传多样性和物种库的知识，从而阻止了到目前为止有关当前和未来生物多样性变化的任何有效陈述。 In Germany, 740 species are known from cave and groundwater habitats, which can be classified into three ecological categories: i) eutroglobionts, which are fully adapted to a subterranean life and often demonstrate adaptive morphological traits, ii) eutroglophiles, which form stable underground populations over multiple generations but can colonize comparable surface environments, and iii) subtroglophiles, which仅在特定的季节或发育阶段才能积极地殖民地下栖息地。该项目研究地下物种池的空间和季节性变化的自然水平，确定了受旅游业影响的洞穴物种，并比较了洞内遗传多样性的水平，而洞穴遗传多样性与迁移率和生态洞穴的对比性和生态洞穴咖啡菌相比。该项目设计由六个旅游业和附近的六个，即近自然的石灰石洞穴组成，中部山地山地将在三个时间点（冬季，春季，夏季）进行采样。地下物种池将通过DNA元法编码方法来识别。在比较植物学框架内，对十二个特征洞穴物种进行了种内遗传多样性的分析。结果将为中部德国高地中部洞穴群落的生态学，物种池和遗传多样性提供首次综合图景。他们将进一步确定地下物种池的自然空间和季节性动态，因此与人为（旅游）和未来气候诱发的生物多样性变化相比，自然的差异更高。