Experimental data acquisition and Finite Element Analysis of kinetic aspects of functional occlusion in order to optimize dental reconstrucions

功能性咬合动力学方面的实验数据采集和有限元分析，以优化牙齿重建

基本信息

批准号：
280729065
负责人：
Professor Dr. Marc Schmitter
金额：
--
依托单位：
Institut für Mechanik (IFM)
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2015-12-31 至 2019-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/280729065?language=en
关键词：
Experimental data acquisition Finite Element

项目摘要

Correct occlusion is an essential aspect of the fabrication of dental restorations. Because dental technicians produce prosthetic restorations outside the oral cavity, accurate transfer of movement of the mandible to dental laboratory conditions is mandatory. Dental restorations without interferences and with sufficient chewing ability can then be produced. In recent years prosthetic reconstructions have been increasingly produced by CAD/CAM. This enables special attention to be devoted to the individual functional condition of the patient. This enormous advantage can, however, be exploited only when both kinematic (= motion and deformation) and kinetic (= forces and stresses) data are recorded. Unfortunately, until now, kinematic data, exclusively, have been recorded and, therefore, used for construction of dental restorations. The motion of the teeth, the deformation of the mandible, the deformation of the periodontal gap and the articular disc, including all the tissues involved-during motion and during chewing could not previously be recorded. In addition, individual information about these dynamics during chewing and clenching and/or grinding (bruxism) of the teeth has not been available; such information might be essential, because extraordinarily high eccentric forces are developed during these activities, resulting in a high risk of failure of all ceramic or veneered dental restorations. In this context interference-free occlusion of the restoration, taking into account the aforementioned kinetic aspects, is mandatory. In this study this missing kinetic data would be acquired for 22 healthy subjects, by acquisition of biting/chewing forces, electric muscle activity, jaw movement, and MRI images. These data would enable improvement of an existing finite-element model (FEM) of the stomatognathic system, including the temporomandibular joints, all chewing muscles, the mandible, the teeth, the temporomandibular disc, and the periodontal system. This modification of the FEM, and its expansion for use with extreme geometry would enable simulation of the kinetic aspects of chewing and bruxism of the teeth. Finally, the simulations should result in the CAD/CAM-based reconstruction and production of interference-free occlusion, enabling optimization of occlusal aspects of these restorations, and, consequently, reduced technical complications, for example chipping and delamination of the ceramic restoration. Another objective of the use of these FEM is simulation of the loading of dental implants and such implant-supported suprastructures during chewing/bruxism. Because dental implants are connected rigidly to the bone, occlusal forces cannot be damped as they are for natural teeth; this results in greater stress on the suprastructures and the surrounding bone. On the basis of the results expected from such optimized FE simulations, these aspects can be taken into consideration during CAD/CAM-based manufacture of the suprastructures.

正确的咬合是牙齿修复体制作的一个重要方面。由于牙科技师在口腔外制作修复体，因此必须将下颌运动准确转移到牙科实验室条件。然后就可以生产出无干扰且具有足够咀嚼能力的牙齿修复体。近年来，假肢重建越来越多地采用 CAD/CAM 进行。这使得能够特别关注患者的个体功能状况。然而，只有在记录运动学（=运动和变形）和动力学（=力和应力）数据时才能利用这一巨大优势。不幸的是，到目前为止，仅记录了运动学数据，因此将其用于牙科修复体的构建。牙齿的运动、下颌的变形、牙周间隙和关节盘的变形，包括运动和咀嚼过程中涉及的所有组织，以前都无法记录。此外，还没有关于咀嚼、咬紧和/或磨牙（磨牙）过程中这些动态的个体信息。此类信息可能至关重要，因为在这些活动过程中会产生极高的偏心力，导致所有陶瓷或贴面牙齿修复体失败的风险很高。在这种情况下，考虑到上述动力学方面，修复体的无干扰咬合是强制性的。在这项研究中，将通过采集咬合/咀嚼力、电动肌肉活动、下颌运动和 MRI 图像来获取 22 名健康受试者的缺失动力学数据。这些数据将能够改进口颌系统的现有有限元模型（FEM），包括颞下颌关节、所有咀嚼肌、下颌骨、牙齿、颞下颌盘和牙周系统。 FEM 的这种修改及其针对极端几何形状的扩展将能够模拟牙齿咀嚼和磨牙的动力学方面。最后，模拟应导致基于 CAD/CAM 的重建和无干扰咬合的生成，从而能够优化这些修复体的咬合方面，从而减少技术复杂性，例如陶瓷修复体的碎裂和分层。使用这些 FEM 的另一个目的是模拟咀嚼/磨牙期间牙种植体和此类种植体支撑的上部结构的负载。由于牙种植体与骨骼刚性连接，因此无法像天然牙那样缓冲咬合力；这会导致上部结构和周围骨骼承受更大的压力。根据此类优化 FE 模拟的预期结果，在基于 CAD/CAM 的上部结构制造过程中可以考虑这些方面。