Innovative refractory and induction melting systems for titanium and titanium alloys

用于钛和钛合金的创新耐火材料和感应熔炼系统

• 批准号: 275028606
• 负责人: Professor Dr.-Ing. Christos G. Aneziris
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: INDUTHERM Erwärmungsanlagen GmbH
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants (Transfer Project)
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2014-12-31 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/275028606?language=en
• 关键词: Innovative; refractory; induction; melting; systems

Vacuum induction melting (VIM) is a powerful technology allowing an efficient pyrometallurgical production, recycling as well as casting of titanium materials. The main limitation for vacuum induction melting of titanium materials is the corrosion of the used refractories, because due to their high oxygen affinity titanium based melts are extremely aggressive. Moreover, the gas atmosphere, thermomechanical stresses and the alloy composition have an important influence on the wear of the refractories. Based on the cooperation of the first phase of the DFG Research Unit 1372, the aim of this project is to investigate the melting of titanium and titanium alloys in calcium zirconate based refractories in order to allow a transfer into the industrial practice of the casting industry. Furthermore, the development of vibration and self flowing castables for large VIM furnaces combined with metallurgical process adaptions will allow the pyrometallurgical recycling and primary production of titanium materials. For that purpose the application partners provide their expertise and services regarding casting technology (Indutherm), the production and application of vibration and self flowing castables (Refratechnik) as well as the smelting of reactive and refractory metals in large VIM furnaces (VACUUMSCHMELZE). In laboratory melting experiments (0,5 - 1 l) conditions and process windows will be investigated especially to minimize the oxygen contamination of the melts and to achieve standard titanium qualities. Thereby, a special focus is Ti6Al4V and the influence of alloying elements such as aluminum, vanadium, and tin on the refractory corrosion. For that purpose the melting temperature and time as well as the super heating temperature and deoxidizing effect of additives will be investigated. For the first time an excess inert gas pressure will be applied to reduce the calcium evaporation from the refractories and from the melt, because it is known that calcium containing refractory materials tend to evaporate causing a fast oxygen pickup and hence contamination of the melt. These metallurgical investigations are of high interest for both casting as well as for the recycling of titanium materials. An important requirement for the technical feasibility of a recycling process of titanium materials by vacuum induction melting is a sufficient large size of the melting furnace. So far all promising alternative methods to produce titanium materials such as the electrochemical reduction (FFC process) failed on a large scale production. Therefore, scale up experiments in 14 l crucibles will finally investigate conditions to melt titanium materials in refractory crucibles without exceeding relevant contamination levels.

真空感应熔化（VIM）是一项强大的技术，允许有效的高温生产，回收利用以及钛材料的铸造。钛材料真空感应融化的主要局限性是使用的折射率的腐蚀，因为由于其高氧亲和力钛的熔融非常侵略性。此外，气体气氛，热机械应力和合金组成对折磨的磨损有重要影响。基于DFG研究单元1372的第一阶段的合作，该项目的目的是调查基于锆钙酸钙碳酸钙冰冻的钛和钛合金的融化，以便允许转移到铸造行业的工业实践中。此外，大型VIM炉的振动和自流式铸造的发展与冶金过程适应性相结合，将允许钛材料的高光脂回收和初级生产。为此，应用程序合作伙伴提供了有关铸造技术（indutherm）的专业知识和服务，振动和自动铸造层的生产和应用（Refratechnik）以及在大型VIM炉（Vacuumschmelze）中的反应性和耐火金属的冶炼。在实验室熔化实验（0,5-1 L）中，将研究条件和过程窗口，特别是为了最大程度地减少熔体的氧气污染并达到标准的钛质量。因此，特殊的重点是Ti6al4v，以及合金元素（例如铝，钒和锡）对耐火腐蚀的影响。为此，将研究融化温度和时间以及添加剂的超级加热温度和脱氧作用。首次将施加过多的惰性气压来减少折射率和熔体的钙蒸发，因为众所周知，含有耐火材料的钙倾向于蒸发，从而导致快速的氧气拾取，从而导致熔体的污染。这些冶金研究对于铸造以及钛材料的回收都引起了人们的兴趣。真空感应熔化的钛材料回收过程的技术可行性的重要要求是足够的熔炉。到目前为止，所有有希望的替代方法生产钛材料（例如电化学还原（FFC工艺））在大规模生产中都失败了。因此，在14升坩埚中进行扩展实验最终将研究熔化钛材料中难治性坩埚中的条件，而不会超过相关的污染水平。

项目成果

Influence of in situ phase formation on properties of calcium zirconate refractories

• DOI: 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2016.08.017
• 发表时间: 2017
• 期刊: Journal of The European Ceramic Society
• 影响因子: 5.7
• 作者: S. Schafföner;J. Fruhstorfer;C. Faßauer;L. Freitag;C. Jahn;C. Aneziris

Cyclic cold isostatic pressing and improved particle packing of coarse grained oxide ceramics for refractory applications

• DOI: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2018.02.106
• 发表时间: 2018-06
• 期刊: Ceramics International
• 影响因子: 5.2
• 作者: S. Schafföner;J. Fruhstorfer;Susann Ludwig;C. Aneziris

Refractory castables for titanium metallurgy based on calcium zirconate

• DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2018.03.049
• 发表时间: 2018-06
• 期刊: Materials & Design
• 影响因子: 8.4
• 作者: S. Schafföner;T. Qin;J. Fruhstorfer;C. Jahn;G. Schmidt;H. Jansen;C. Aneziris