Innovative refractory and induction melting systems for titanium and titanium alloys

用于钛和钛合金的创新耐火材料和感应熔炼系统

• 批准号: 275028606
• 负责人: Professor Dr.-Ing. Christos G. Aneziris
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: INDUTHERM Erwärmungsanlagen GmbH
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants (Transfer Project)
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2014-12-31 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/275028606?language=en
• 关键词: Innovative; refractory; induction; melting; systems

Vacuum induction melting (VIM) is a powerful technology allowing an efficient pyrometallurgical production, recycling as well as casting of titanium materials. The main limitation for vacuum induction melting of titanium materials is the corrosion of the used refractories, because due to their high oxygen affinity titanium based melts are extremely aggressive. Moreover, the gas atmosphere, thermomechanical stresses and the alloy composition have an important influence on the wear of the refractories. Based on the cooperation of the first phase of the DFG Research Unit 1372, the aim of this project is to investigate the melting of titanium and titanium alloys in calcium zirconate based refractories in order to allow a transfer into the industrial practice of the casting industry. Furthermore, the development of vibration and self flowing castables for large VIM furnaces combined with metallurgical process adaptions will allow the pyrometallurgical recycling and primary production of titanium materials. For that purpose the application partners provide their expertise and services regarding casting technology (Indutherm), the production and application of vibration and self flowing castables (Refratechnik) as well as the smelting of reactive and refractory metals in large VIM furnaces (VACUUMSCHMELZE). In laboratory melting experiments (0,5 - 1 l) conditions and process windows will be investigated especially to minimize the oxygen contamination of the melts and to achieve standard titanium qualities. Thereby, a special focus is Ti6Al4V and the influence of alloying elements such as aluminum, vanadium, and tin on the refractory corrosion. For that purpose the melting temperature and time as well as the super heating temperature and deoxidizing effect of additives will be investigated. For the first time an excess inert gas pressure will be applied to reduce the calcium evaporation from the refractories and from the melt, because it is known that calcium containing refractory materials tend to evaporate causing a fast oxygen pickup and hence contamination of the melt. These metallurgical investigations are of high interest for both casting as well as for the recycling of titanium materials. An important requirement for the technical feasibility of a recycling process of titanium materials by vacuum induction melting is a sufficient large size of the melting furnace. So far all promising alternative methods to produce titanium materials such as the electrochemical reduction (FFC process) failed on a large scale production. Therefore, scale up experiments in 14 l crucibles will finally investigate conditions to melt titanium materials in refractory crucibles without exceeding relevant contamination levels.

真空感应熔炼 (VIM) 是一项强大的技术，可实现钛材料的高效火法冶金生产、回收和铸造。钛材料真空感应熔炼的主要限制是所用耐火材料的腐蚀，因为钛基熔体具有高氧亲和力，因此具有极高的腐蚀性。而且气体气氛、热机械应力和合金成分对耐火材料的磨损有重要影响。该项目在与DFG 1372研究室第一阶段的合作基础上，旨在研究钛及钛合金在锆酸钙基耐火材料中的熔炼，以便转移到铸造行业的工业实践中。此外，用于大型 VIM 炉的振动和自流浇注料的开发与冶金工艺适应性相结合将允许钛材料的火法回收和初级生产。为此，应用合作伙伴提供有关铸造技术 (Indutherm)、振动和自流浇注料的生产和应用 (Refratechnik) 以及在大型 VIM 炉中熔炼活性和难熔金属 (VACUUMSCHMELZE) 的专业知识和服务。在实验室熔化实验（0.5 - 1 l）中，将研究条件和工艺窗口，特别是为了最大限度地减少熔体的氧污染并达到标准的钛质量。因此，特别关注Ti6Al4V以及铝、钒、锡等合金元素对耐火材料腐蚀的影响。为此，将研究熔化温度和时间以及添加剂的过热温度和脱氧效果。将首次施加过量的惰性气体压力以减少钙从耐火材料和熔体中蒸发，因为已知含钙耐火材料倾向于蒸发，导致快速吸氧并因此污染熔体。这些冶金研究对于铸造以及钛材料的回收都具有很高的意义。真空感应熔炼钛材料回收工艺技术可行性的一个重要要求是熔炼炉的尺寸足够大。到目前为止，所有有前途的替代方法来生产钛材料，例如电化学还原（FFC工艺）都未能大规模生产。因此，在14升坩埚中进行放大实验将最终研究在不超过相关污染水平的情况下在耐火坩埚中熔化钛材料的条件。

项目成果

Influence of in situ phase formation on properties of calcium zirconate refractories

• DOI: 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2016.08.017
• 发表时间: 2017
• 期刊: Journal of The European Ceramic Society
• 影响因子: 5.7
• 作者: S. Schafföner;J. Fruhstorfer;C. Faßauer;L. Freitag;C. Jahn;C. Aneziris

Cyclic cold isostatic pressing and improved particle packing of coarse grained oxide ceramics for refractory applications

• DOI: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2018.02.106
• 发表时间: 2018-06
• 期刊: Ceramics International
• 影响因子: 5.2
• 作者: S. Schafföner;J. Fruhstorfer;Susann Ludwig;C. Aneziris

Refractory castables for titanium metallurgy based on calcium zirconate

• DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2018.03.049
• 发表时间: 2018-06
• 期刊: Materials & Design
• 影响因子: 8.4
• 作者: S. Schafföner;T. Qin;J. Fruhstorfer;C. Jahn;G. Schmidt;H. Jansen;C. Aneziris