The Eastern Mediterranean - Levant late Quaternary climates: Paleohydrology and Extreme Floods from the Dead Sea ICDP Core (PALEX-II)

东地中海 - 黎凡特晚第四纪气候：死海ICDP核心的古水文学和极端洪水（PALEX-II）

• 批准号: 262685065
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Achim Brauer
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Geological Survey of Israel (GSI)
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Infrastructure Priority Programmes
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2014-12-31 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/262685065?language=en
• 关键词: Eastern; Mediterranean; Levant; late; Quaternary

Extreme hydrometeorological events and especially floods are a major threat for humans. Therefore, it is an emerging challenge for science to investigate origin and mechanisms of floods in order to better anticipate their frequency and amplitudes as well as their impacts on regional environments. A very sensitive region in terms of both environmental conditions and the political situation is the Dead Sea area in the Near East. Ongoing global change is expected to even increase the environmental pressure and in particular hydrological processes in this part of the world. Therefore, this is an ideal and highly interesting region for Earth and environmental research. The PALEX (Paleohydrology and Extreme Floods from the Dead Sea ICDP sediment core) project addresses all aspects of extreme hydro-meteorological events in this region through a joint effort of scientist from Israel, Palestine and Germany within the trilateral program of the German Science Foundation DFG. We apply a novel approach of combining the observation of recent flash floods using cutting-edge technologies with advanced reconstructions of long flood time-series over several thousand years from the Dead Sea sediment record at high temporal resolution. In this respect, the long sediment cores obtained by the ICDP (International Continental Scientific Drilling Program) drilling from the deep basin of the Dead Sea provide a unique archive to reconstruct the natural hydro-climatic variability for the last 200 kyrs. In addition, the comprehensive process understanding of the meteorological origin of floods and their effects on erosion, sediment transport and deposition revealed by our combined meteorological and sedimentological monitoring allows an improved interpretation of this exceptional sediment record to utilize event-triggered sediments as proxies for past flooding. With this approach we aim at investigating the relation of changes in the occurrence and dynamics of floods to changing climatic boundary conditions and test the predicted increase of extreme floods in a warming climate. Beyond the scientific goals, PALEX undertakes major efforts in capacity building and international networking in the Middle East to foster peaceful collaboration for solving common problems and development of human and technical resources. A crucial part of the project concept, therefore, is joint training of early stage researchers from Palestine, Israel and Germany. The PALEX personal mentoring concept will give young scientists the opportunity to work closely with senior scientists from all participating institutions and develop their research skills.

极端的水信事件，尤其是洪水对人类是主要威胁。因此，研究科学的挑战是研究洪水的起源和机制，以便更好地预测其频率和振幅及其对区域环境的影响。就环境条件和政治状况而言，一个非常敏感的地区是近东的死海地区。预计持续的全球变化甚至会增加环境压力，尤其是世界各地的水文过程。因此，这是地球和环境研究的理想且非常有趣的地区。通过以色列，巴勒斯坦和德国在德国科学基金会DFG的三边形计划中的科学家联合努力，PALEX（死海ICDP沉积物核心的极端洪水）项目通过科学家的联合努力解决了该地区极端水电学事件的各个方面。我们采用了一种新颖的方法，可以使用尖端技术和高级洪水时系列的高级重建，以在高颞季分辨率下从死海沉积物记录中进行长时间的洪水时序列的高级重建。在这方面，由ICDP（国际大陆科学钻探计划）从死海深水盆地钻探获得的长沉积物核心提供了一个独特的档案，以重建最近200台kyr的天然水力气候变异性。此外，对洪水的气象起源的全面理解及其对侵蚀的影响，我们组合的气象和沉积学监测所揭示的沉积物运输和沉积，可以改善对这种特殊沉积物记录的解释，以利用事件触发的沉积物作为过去洪水的代理。通过这种方法，我们旨在调查洪水发生和动态变化与气候边界条件变化的关系，并测试温暖气候下极端洪水的预测增加。除了科学目标之外，Palex还在中东的能力建设和国际网络方面做出了重大努力，以促进和平合作，以解决人类和技术资源的共同问题和发展。因此，该项目概念的关键部分是对巴勒斯坦，以色列和德国的早期研究人员的联合培训。 Palex个人指导概念将使年轻科学家有机会与来自所有参与机构的高级科学家紧密合作并发展其研究技能。