OSIB: Co-evolutionary dynamics of pathogen virulence and host resistance: lessons from Fusarium oxysporum-infested cotton fields

OSIB：病原体毒力和宿主抗性的共同进化动力学：尖孢镰刀菌侵染棉田的教训

• 批准号: 2421016
• 负责人: Ping He
• 金额: $ 80.57万
• 依托单位: Regents of the University of Michigan - Ann Arbor
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-10-01 至 2027-07-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2421016&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: OSIB; Co; evolutionary; dynamics; pathogen

As the world population grows, agriculture faces challenges in increasing the yield and quality of crops. One of the biggest obstacles is crop diseases, which can cause significant damage to important crops and limit production. Fusarium oxysporum is a fungal pathogen that is known to cause severe damage to many crops, including cotton. Recently, there has been an outbreak of cotton Fusarium wilt caused by F. oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum (Fov) in some southern U.S. states. This project aims to better understand the evolution and pathogenicity of F. oxysporum and to identify resistance genes that could help protect crops. The project will also provide opportunities for training and education in plant genomics and molecular biology for undergraduate and graduate students, as well as outreach opportunities for underrepresented minorities and African scientists. By using cutting-edge technologies, this project will advance our understanding of F. oxysporum and its interactions with hosts, which could ultimately lead to more effective disease management strategies and increased crop production.Over several years, the team has collected data on the pathogen characteristics and germplasm screens of a naturally infected cotton field in Texas. Based on this data, they have developed a hypothesis about the evolution and pathogenicity of F. oxysporum and gained molecular insights into the fungus-host interactions. They have also created platforms for transient and stable assays to study the loss and gain of function in cotton. The team aims to determine the genetic diversity, evolution, and pathogenicity of Fov and other F. oxysporum species and understand cotton's resistance mechanisms to Fusarium wilt through association genomics. The research will take a systems approach to understanding the co-evolutionary dynamics of pathogen virulence and host resistance in the complex genome of both the fungus and cotton. F. oxysporum species complex (FOSC) is a group of isolates with different host specificities, which are defined as formae speciales. FOSC has complex genome structures with core chromosomes and accessory chromosomes that may be associated with virulence and host specificity. The proposed research will explore the evolutionary dynamics of accessory chromosomes and their role in virulence and host specificity. The project will provide insights into Fov-cotton interactions and a broader understanding of F. oxysporum-host interactions.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

随着世界人口的增长，农业面临着提高农作物产量和质量的挑战。最大的障碍之一是作物病害，它会对重要作物造成重大损害并限制产量。尖镰孢是一种真菌病原体，已知会对包括棉花在内的许多作物造成严重损害。近期，发生了由尖孢镰刀菌（F. oxysporum f.）引起的棉花枯萎病疫情。 sp。美国南部一些州的 vasinfectum (Fov)。该项目旨在更好地了解尖孢镰刀菌的进化和致病性，并鉴定有助于保护作物的抗性基因。该项目还将为本科生和研究生提供植物基因组学和分子生物学方面的培训和教育机会，并为代表性不足的少数族裔和非洲科学家提供外展机会。通过使用尖端技术，该项目将增进我们对尖孢镰刀菌及其与宿主相互作用的了解，最终可能导致更有效的疾病管理策略并增加作物产量。多年来，该团队收集了有关病原体的数据德克萨斯州自然感染棉田的特征和种质筛选。基于这些数据，他们提出了关于尖孢镰刀菌的进化和致病性的假设，并获得了对真菌与宿主相互作用的分子见解。他们还创建了用于瞬时和稳定测定的平台，以研究棉花功能的丧失和获得。该团队旨在确定 Fov 和其他尖孢镰刀菌物种的遗传多样性、进化和致病性，并通过关联基因组学了解棉花对枯萎病的抗性机制。该研究将采用系统方法来了解真菌和棉花复杂基因组中病原体毒力和宿主抗性的共同进化动力学。尖孢镰刀菌复合体（FOSC）是一组具有不同宿主特异性的分离株，被定义为特殊型。 FOSC 具有复杂的基因组结构，包括核心染色体和辅助染色体，可能与毒力和宿主特异性有关。拟议的研究将探索辅助染色体的进化动力学及其在毒力和宿主特异性中的作用。该项目将深入了解 Fov-棉花相互作用，并更广泛地了解尖孢镰刀菌-宿主相互作用。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。