ARTS: A corevision of the pinhole borers (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Platypodinae) and symbiotic fungi (Raffaelea spp.) via multi-generational systematics training

艺术：通过多代系统学训练对针孔蛀虫（鞘翅目：象甲科：扁豆亚科）和共生真菌（拉斐菌属）进行共同观察

• 批准号: 2342481
• 负责人: Andrew Johnson
• 金额: $ 120万
• 依托单位: University of Florida
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2024
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2024-08-01 至 2028-07-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2342481&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: ARTS; corevision; pinhole; borers; Coleoptera

Pinhole borers are an understudied group of woodboring beetles that drill into trees and farm fungi for food. Some have become pests of trees, some are becoming invasive, and hundreds more are rare, unique, and entirely unknown to science. Given the ongoing disappearance of tropical forests, many pinhole borers may already be extinct. This project will summarize what is known about these beetles and their symbiotic fungi while generating new data about them using modern DNA sequencing and microscopy technologies. Because the lack of taxonomists working on pinhole borers and their symbiotic fungi is a biosecurity gap for the U.S – both the beetles and the fungi can become pests – this project will train graduate and undergraduate students as the next generation of entomologists and mycologists. Outreach goals include the broad dissemination of accurate information about wood borers through curating information on Wikipedia, and a specific campaign to encourage homeowners in the United States to retain dead wood on their properties as a refuge of biodiversity in urban landscapes.This project will undertake a simultaneous revision of two symbiont groups that are charismatic, important, and sometimes pestiferous, but suffer from the typical taxonomic impediments. The main goals of the project are to identify, classify and describe the pinhole borer beetles and their symbiotic fungi, in addition to documenting the many interactions between these two groups and the trees in which they live. Attaining these aims are enabled by phylogenetically analyzing DNA sequence data from thousands of individuals and collecting new morphological data using photographs and microscopy to identify beetle-fungus interactions. The vast datasets generated by this project will feed into many products which will be made for both humans and online aggregators, including an e-monograph of pinhole borers, taxonomic publications, photographs, and an AI-based identification tool.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

针孔蛀虫是一种尚未被研究的蛀木甲虫，它们钻入树木并种植真菌以获取食物，有些已经成为树木的害虫，有些正在变得具有入侵性，还有数百种是罕见的、独特的，而且随着木虫的不断消失，它们完全不为人所知。在热带森林中，许多针孔蛀虫可能已经灭绝，该项目将总结有关这些甲虫及其共生真菌的知识，同时利用现代 DNA 测序和显微镜技术生成有关它们的新数据。研究针孔蛀虫及其共生真菌的分类学家对美国来说是一个生物安全缺口——甲虫和真菌都可能成为害虫——该项目将培训研究生和本科生，因为下一代昆虫学家和真菌学家的推广目标包括广泛传播。通过维基百科上的固化信息提供有关蛀木虫的准确信息，并开展一项具体活动，鼓励美国房主保留其房产上的死木，作为城市景观中生物多样性的避难所。将同时修订两个具有超凡魅力的、重要的、有时具有传染性的共生菌群，但遭受典型的分类学障碍。该项目的主要目标是识别、分类和描述针孔螟及其共生真菌。除了记录这两个群体和它们所生活的树木之间的许多相互作用之外，还可以通过系统发育分析数千个个体的 DNA 序列数据并使用照片和照片收集新的形态数据来实现这些目标。该项目生成的大量数据将用于为人类和在线聚合商制作的许多产品，包括针孔蛀虫的电子专着、分类学出版物、照片和基于人工智能的产品。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。