Collaborative Research: Scales and drivers of variability in dissolved organic carbon across diverse urban watersheds

合作研究：不同城市流域溶解有机碳变异的规模和驱动因素

• 批准号: 2333154
• 负责人: Rebecca Hale
• 金额: $ 93.5万
• 依托单位: Smithsonian Institution
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-03-01 至 2025-04-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2333154&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Scales; drivers; variability

Most ecosystems are impacted by human activities to some degree, but this can vary considerably beteween locations. For example, cities differ in their impacts on streams and rivers depending on age, storm water infrastructure, amount of green space, and other factors of the built environment. Natural factors such as climate (temperature and precipitation) and geology also affect how different cities influence water quality and quantity at different times of the year. In this project, differences in urban impacts on carbon inputs and outputs in streams will be evaluated across cities in the U.S. that have different urban and climate contexts. This research is critical for understanding ecological patterns and processes in urban streams. Broader impacts of the work will include training opportunities for undergraduate and graduate students and postdoctoral scholars, workshops, and an innovative training and internship program for high school students.This study will take a novel approach to jointly consider how the human and ecological dimensions of ecosystem ecology interact to control the quality, quantity, and timing of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) – the largest flux of carbon in streams – entering watersheds across the continent. This project will assess how urbanization affects DOC, focusing on how urbanization affects stream ecosystems in regionally-specific ways. Researchers will test the hypothesis that human activities introduce novel sources of DOC and affect the spatial and temporal scales and variability of ecological processes in different geographies and urban contexts. The hypothesis will be tested using a comparative approach to understand urban effects on DOC in five urban study areas – Miami, FL, Boston, MA, Atlanta, GA, Salt Lake City, UT, and Portland, OR. Extensive synoptic sampling of DOC concentrations and quality will be combined with intensive sensor networks to develop a multi-scale understanding of the quantity and quality of DOC in urban systems. Spatial statistics and time-series analyses will identify key spatio-temporal characteristics of human development (e.g., wastewater infrastructure, housing density) and biophysical factors (e.g., discharge, precipitation, canopy cover) that control the concentration, characteristics, and bioavailability of DOC.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

大多数生态系统都会在某种程度上受到人类活动的影响，但不同地点的影响可能会有很大差异，例如，城市对溪流和河流的影响会因年龄、雨水基础设施、绿地面积和其他建筑因素而有所不同。气候（温度和降水）和地质等自然因素也会影响不同城市在一年中不同时间对水质和水量的影响。在该项目中，将评估城市对溪流碳输入和输出的影响的差异。美国的城市这项研究对于理解城市溪流的生态模式和过程至关重要，该工作的更广泛影响将包括为本科生和研究生以及博士后学者提供培训机会、研讨会以及创新培训和实习计划。这项研究将采用一种新颖的方法来共同考虑生态系统的人类和生态维度如何相互作用，以控制溶解有机碳（DOC）（溪流中最大的碳通量）进入流域的质量、数量和时间该项目将评估整个非洲大陆的情况。城市化影响DOC，重点关注城市化如何以特定区域的方式影响河流生态系统，研究人员将检验人类活动引入新的DOC来源并影响不同地理和城市背景下生态过程的时空尺度和变异性的假设。将使用比较方法进行测试，以了解五个城市研究区域（佛罗里达州迈阿密、马萨诸塞州波士顿、佐治亚州亚特兰大、犹他州盐湖城和俄勒冈州波特兰）的城市对 DOC 的影响。质量将与密集的传感器网络相结合，以形成对城市系统中 DOC 数量和质量的多尺度理解。空间统计和时间序列分析将确定人类发展的关键时空特征（例如废水基础设施、住房）。密度）和控制 DOC 浓度、特性和生物利用度的生物物理因素（例如排放、降水、树冠覆盖）。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准。