SaTC: CORE: Small: Communication-Efficient, Fault-Tolerant Private Information Retrieval over Erasure Coded Storage

SaTC：核心：小型：通过纠删码存储进行通信高效、容错的私人信息检索

• 批准号: 2326312
• 负责人: Wenting Zheng
• 金额: $ 60万
• 依托单位: Carnegie-Mellon University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-10-01 至 2026-09-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2326312&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SaTC; CORE; Small; Communication; Efficient

Many privacy-preserving applications such as anonymous messaging, private database querying, encrypted search, and privacy-preserving advertising require implementing protocols that allow a client to read or write to a database (hosted by one or more servers) without revealing to the servers which item in the database was read/written. To do so, many applications make use of an important cryptographic primitive called private information retrieval (PIR), which allows clients to retrieve values from an untrusted data storage such that the storage servers do not learn anything about which value is being retrieved. When considered for practical usage, existing approaches have several significant drawbacks in terms of communication, storage, and computation efficiency, as well as fault tolerance. This project’s novelties are to develop new PIR protocols for both private reads and writes to a database hosted on multiple servers, and to simultaneously achieve efficiency in communication and storage overheads, as well as being fault-tolerant against fail-stop and Byzantine failures. This project’s broader significance and importance are to improve important aspects of private information retrieval via algorithmic techniques, which can be used in real world applications that leverage PIR, and make these applications more efficient, scalable, and practical.The team of researchers plan to address the research question in two thrusts. The first thrust focuses on designing fault-tolerant, communication-efficient distributed point function schemes, which will help the design of queries that can be later used for PIR reads/writes. The second thrust will build upon the distributed point function designs from the first thrust to create end-to-end PIR protocols for enabling oblivious reads and writes over erasure-coded storage. The team is planning to open source the framework for other researchers and educators.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

许多隐私保护应用程序，例如匿名消息传递、私人数据库查询、加密搜索和隐私保护广告，都需要实现允许客户端读取或写入数据库（由一台或多台服务器托管）的协议，而无需向服务器透露其信息。为此，许多应用程序使用一种称为私有信息检索（PIR）的重要加密原语，它允许客户端从不受信任的数据存储中检索值，这样存储服务器就无法检索数据。了解有关哪个值的任何信息当考虑实际使用时，现有方法在通信、存储和计算效率以及容错方面有几个明显的缺点。该项目的新颖之处在于为数据库的私有读取和写入开发新的 PIR 协议。托管在多个服务器上，同时实现通信和存储开销的效率，以及针对故障停止和拜占庭故障的容错能力，该项目的更广泛意义和重要性是通过算法技术改进私人信息检索的重要方面，哪个可以在利用 PIR 的现实应用程序中使用，并使这些应用程序更加高效、可扩展和实用。研究人员团队计划通过两个重点来解决该研究问题。第一个重点是设计容错、高效通信。分布式点函数方案，这将有助于设计稍后可用于 PIR 读/写的查询。第二个重点将基于第一个重点的分布式点函数设计，以创建端到端 PIR 协议，以实现不经意的操作。通过纠删码读取和写入该团队计划为其他研究人员和教育工作者开源该框架。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。