CAREER: Understanding Strategic Dynamics in the Engineering of Decentralized Systems

职业：了解去中心化系统工程中的战略动态

• 批准号: 2422337
• 负责人: Paul Grogan
• 金额: $ 50万
• 依托单位: Arizona State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-10-01 至 2025-09-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2422337&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Understanding; Strategic; Dynamics; Engineering

This Faculty Early Career Development Program (CAREER) grant will diagnose and provide understanding of strategic dynamics among a set of interactive and autonomous design actors through the combined use of game theory and simulations to inform architecture and design decisions. Design activities for engineering systems across infrastructure, aerospace, and defense domains more closely resemble a collective decision-making process than centralized authority in traditional systems engineering practice. This topic is of interest because U.S. agencies and firms are actively architecting systems with decentralized decision authority, described variously as Internet 4.0, cyber-physical systems, Internet-of-things, or systems-of-systems across domains, including energy, transportation, manufacturing, and space systems. The design of these engineering systems differs from that of other systems because their large scale, long lifetime, and proximity to social systems evoke complex features such as adaptation, self-organization, and emergence, which take place over strategic timescales. A deeper understanding of how strategic dynamics impact designer interactions across theoretical and empirical perspectives can help to avoid costly overruns and cancellations by identifying and mitigating undesirable dynamics in conceptual design phases. Advances in systems engineering must develop theory, methods, and tools to coordinate and facilitate collective design activities. This project builds on a line of economic methods applied to engineering design including utility theory, decision theory, social choice, and game theory. Collective systems design is modeled as a bi-level problem, where lower-level decisions correspond to an optimization problem and upper-level strategy decisions correspond to a coordination game. Normative models of agent behavior are based on classical and Bayesian game theory with utility functions incorporating behavioral factors such as risk attitudes. Multi-agent simulation studies evolution of strategies under repeated interaction among agents. Behavioral experiments collect empirical data about human decision-making for validation. The research will contribute new knowledge about how to characterize, study, and modify the strategic dynamics of engineering systems during conceptual design phases. The educational plan develops and delivers simulation activities to model systems problems by combining technical modeling and social interaction. The simulation activities behave as a highly abstracted model system to elicit rich strategic behaviors through face-to-face interaction, engage students with challenges of socio-technical problems, and retain computational tractability to teach analytical methods in educational contexts. Development and broad public dissemination of simulations in the context of Earth science space missions will expose a wide audience to strategic issues of government-commercial interdependency in space systems.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

这项教师早期职业发展计划（职业）赠款将通过游戏理论和仿真的联合使用来为建筑和设计决策提供综合使用，诊断并提供对一组互动和自主设计参与者之间战略动态的理解。基础设施，航空航天和国防领域的工程系统的设计活动与传统系统工程实践中的集中式权威相比，更像集体决策过程。该主题引起了人们的关注，因为美国机构和企业正在积极地架构系统，以分散的决策授权（包括Internet 4.0），网络物理系统，图像互联网或系统系统跨域，包括能源，运输，制造和太空系统。这些工程系统的设计与其他系统的设计不同，因为它们的大规模，寿命和靠近社会系统的距离引起了复杂的特征，例如在战略时间表上进行的适应性，自组织和出现。对战略动态如何影响设计师在理论和经验观点之间的互动的深入了解可以帮助避免昂贵的超支和取消，通过识别和减轻概念设计阶段中的不良动态。系统工程的进步必须开发理论，方法和工具，以协调和促进集体设计活动。该项目建立在适用于工程设计的经济方法的基础上，包括公用事业理论，决策理论，社会选择和游戏理论。集体系统设计被建模为双层问题，其中低级决策对应于优化问题，而高级策略决策对应于协调游戏。代理行为的规范模型基于经典和贝叶斯游戏理论，其实用性功能融合了行为因素，例如风险态度。多代理模拟研究在代理之间反复相互作用下策略的演变。行为实验收集了有关人类决策验证的经验数据。该研究将有助于有关如何在概念设计阶段表征，研究和修改工程系统的战略动态的新知识。该教育计划通过结合技术建模和社交互动来开发并提供模拟活动，以模拟系统问题。模拟活动是一种高度抽象的模型系统，可以通过面对面的互动来引起丰富的战略行为，使学生面临社会技术问题的挑战，并保留计算障碍，以在教育环境中教授分析方法。在地球科学空间任务中，开发和广泛的模拟传播将使广泛的受众群体面临空间系统中政府商业相互依存的战略问题。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是值得通过基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的审查标准通过评估来进行评估的。