CAREER: Understanding the evolution and genetic basis of meiotic recombination rate

职业：了解减数分裂重组率的进化和遗传基础

• 批准号: 2348390
• 负责人: Sen Xu
• 金额: $ 115万
• 依托单位: University of Missouri-Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-05-15 至 2026-01-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2348390&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Understanding; evolution; genetic; basis

Meiotic recombination is an important source of genetic diversity and plays a key role in organismal adaptation. Meiotic recombination rate varies greatly at the individual, population, and species level. However, the genetic basis and evolution of recombination rate variation remains poorly understood. Using state-of-the-art genomic techniques such as single-cell sequencing and CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing, this project will identify the genes responsible for recombination rate variation and will illuminate whether recombination rate evolves due to natural selection. Moreover, this project will disseminate cutting-edge genomic knowledge through an innovative, inquiry-based undergraduate curriculum, engaging students of diverse backgrounds in research, and hosting public outreach events for K-12 students. This project will examine the evolution and genetic basis of meiotic recombination rate variation in the freshwater microcrustacean species Daphnia pulex and D. pulicaria, which experienced strong divergent selection during their divergence. Standard procedures for constructing genetic maps are laborious and difficult to scale up for population surveys. This project will develop a novel high throughput system for mapping based on single-sperm genomic sequencing with combinatorial indexing. This will enable the construction of hundreds of genetic maps in an economical and efficient manner. Using this approach, this project will perform comprehensive population genomic analyses of recombination rate variation both within- and between-species. It will also examine the genomic signatures of adaptive vs. neutral evolution of recombination rate. This will help bridge the gap between empirical data and evolutionary theory on recombination rate evolution. Lastly, this project will identify causal genes and genetic variants for recombination rate variation in Daphnia by combining association mapping analyses and CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing, thereby enhancing understanding of genetic regulation of meiotic recombination.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

减数分裂重组是遗传多样性的重要来源，在有机体适应中起关键作用。减数分裂的重组率在个体，人口和物种水平上有很大差异。但是，重组率变化的遗传基础和进化仍然很少了解。该项目使用最先进的基因组技术，例如单细胞测序和CRISPR-CAS9基因编辑，将确定负责重组率变化的基因，并将阐明重组率是否由于自然选择而导致。此外，该项目将通过创新的，基于询问的本科课程，具有多种研究背景的学生并为K-12学生举办公共宣传活动，通过创新的，基于询问的本科课程来传播尖端的基因组知识。该项目将检查淡水微质曲菌种类繁殖型和葡萄球菌的减数分裂重组率变化的演变和遗传基础，它们在发散期间经历了强烈的分歧选择。构建遗传图的标准程序是费力的，难以扩大人口调查。该项目将开发一种新型的高吞吐量系统，用于基于与组合索引的单个植物基因组测序映射。这将使以经济有效的方式构建数百个遗传图。使用这种方法，该项目将对物种内部和之间的重组率变化进行全面的人群基因组分析。它还将检查自适应和重组率中性演化的基因组特征。这将有助于弥合有关重组率演变的经验数据与进化论之间的差距。最后，该项目将通过结合关联映射分析和CRISPR-CAS9基因编辑来确定水池重组率变化的因果基因和遗传变异，从而增进了对减数分裂重组的遗传调节的理解。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并通过评估范围的范围来反映了对基础的支持，并已被评估范围的范围，并构成了基础的基础。