Versatile Synthesis of Chlorophylls and Bacteriochlorophylls for Fundamental Studies in Photosynthesis

用于光合作用基础研究的叶绿素和细菌叶绿素的多功能合成

• 批准号: 2348052
• 负责人: Jonathan Lindsey
• 金额: $ 57.5万
• 依托单位: North Carolina State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2024
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2024-07-01 至 2027-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2348052&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Versatile; Synthesis; Chlorophylls; Bacteriochlorophylls; Fundamental

With the support of the Chemical Synthesis program in the Division of Chemistry, Professor Jonathan S. Lindsey of North Carolina State University will study how to synthesize the chief pigments that carry out photosynthesis. Those pigments are the well-known chlorophylls that give plants their characteristic green color, and the lesser-known bacteriochlorophylls of selected bacteria. The studies will develop methods for creating Nature’s molecules for photosynthesis. The reason for carrying out this work is that the ability to create these molecules, and variants thereof, will allow examination of deep questions concerning their basic chemistry and to probe aspects of the conversion of light into chemical energy. The broader impacts of the proposed activity will include the professional development of high school science teachers to improve teaching of photosynthesis (via a chlorophyll-based experiment) in schools and to inspire high school students to STEM, and the expanded deployment to middle schools of a previously developed chlorophyll experiment.The lack of synthetic methods for preparing (bacterio)chlorophylls and analogues constitutes an intellectual and technical deficit in the photosynthetic sciences. The Lindsey lab aims to fill this gap by developing robust methods for synthesis of such valuable macrocycles. A casual observer may consider the synthesis of chlorophyll to be a finished story – and this couldn't be more wrong. In fact, no small-molecule synthetic starting material has ever been converted to a chlorophyll by chemical synthesis, and there are no reports of any attempts to synthesize bacteriochlorophylls. The proposed work will build on the first example of the total synthesis of a photosynthetic tetrapyrrole, wherein the requisite stereochemical features are installed with simple early precursors via established asymmetric methods. Objectives to be met are to further streamline a recently developed synthetic route; explore a step-down dehydrogenation approach that provides access from bacteriochlorins to chlorins and porphyrins; examine late-stage derivatization approaches to install critical peripheral functional groups; and in so doing demonstrate access to a handful of representative members of photosynthetic tetrapyrroles. Six collaborations using synthetic (bacterio)chlorophylls will be undertaken with labs in the US, Germany, and Japan. Every effort will be made to use practical methods that are broadly accessible.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

在化学合成计划的支持下，北卡罗来纳州立大学的Jonathan S. Lindsey教授将研究如何综合进行光合作用的主要色素。这些颜料是众所周知的叶绿素，可为植物赋予其特征性的绿色，而鲜为人知的细菌叶绿素是选定细菌的叶绿素。这些研究将开发创建自然分子的方法，原因是进行这项工作的原因是，创建这些分子的能力及其变体的能力将允许研究有关其基本化学的深入问题，并探究光转化为化学能的方面。拟议活动的更广泛的影响将包括高中科学教师的专业发展，以改善学校中的光合教学（通过基于叶绿素的实验），并激发高中生的启动，以及扩展到以前开发的叶绿素实验部署到中学的扩展。缺乏用于制备（细菌）叶绿素和构成群体的合成方法和构成群体的合成方法，并构成了一项构成型号的质量和技术构成。 Lindsey Lab旨在通过开发合成这种有价值的大环的强大方法来填补这一空白。休闲的观察者可能认为叶绿素的合成是一个完成的故事 - 这没什么错误的。实际上，没有化学合成的小分子合成起始材料已转化为叶绿素，并且没有任何尝试合成细菌的尝试。拟议的工作将建立在照片同步的总合成的第一个示例上，其中所需的立体化学特征是通过已建立的不对称方法与简单的早期前体一起安装的。要满足的目标是进一步简化最近开发的合成途径。探索一种降低的脱氢方法，可提供从细菌氯蛋白到氯蛋白和卟啉的通道；检查后期衍生化方法安装关键的外围功能组；因此，在演示少数光合作用四吡咯的代表成员中访问。使用合成（Bacterio）叶绿素的六次合作将与美国，德国和日本的实验室进行。将尽一切努力使用可广泛访问的实用方法。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并通过使用基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响审查标准来评估诚实的支持。