Doctoral Dissertation Research: Advancing biocultural and molecular studies of agriculturalist diet and nutrition.

博士论文研究：推进农业饮食和营养的生物文化和分子研究。

• 批准号: 2347683
• 负责人: Keith Prufer
• 金额: $ 3.81万
• 依托单位: University of New Mexico
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2024
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2024-02-15 至 2026-01-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2347683&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Advancing; biocultural

This doctoral dissertation research project seeks to understand the relationships between diet, social inequalities, and the resulting health-related outcomes in the past. New biomolecular methods complement archaeological approaches to address timely biocultural questions regarding the status, health, and wellbeing of tropical agriculturalists living in urban societies in the past. Understanding the biological consequences of the strategies that communities and individuals employ to meet their nutritional needs while constrained by institutional inequality is a highly relevant topic today. Most of the world’s population is directly or indirectly impacted by social inequalities that influence the types, quality, and quantity of foods consumed. Archaeology is well suited to provide insight into these complex relationships in the past by linking environmental and social variables to individual decision making and the consequent health related outcomes. This study focuses on three questions: (1) within a system of structural inequality what strategies did people use to procure food; (2) how do these strategies relate to the social and environmental constraints they faced; and (3) What were the health-related outcomes of individuals of differing statuses?This study explores how variation in social and environmental conditions can be observed in the biological remains of individuals and how they construct niches in response to socially driven selective pressures. Multiple types of stable isotope analyses grounded in human and plant physiology are applied to archaeological skeletal remains and to a sample of modern neotropical plants to assess physiological status and link plant categories to individual and community level diets. The samples were recovered from three political centers occupied about fifteen hundred years ago. The doctoral student is trained in novel applications of carbon and nitrogen compound specific isotope analysis of amino acids. These are applied to both humans and plants and coupled with studies of bulk carbon from bone bioapatite to reconstruct human diet in more detail than bulk tissue isotope analysis alone. This methodology is applied to a population of tropical farmers allowing the researchers to explore the complex relationships between social and environmental pressures, the strategies that communities use to mitigate those pressures, and the potential biological impacts on those living within systems of institutional inequality. Additionally, this research provides a roadmap for future archaeological studies focusing on individual diet and health during the last decade or so of life that is also applicable to fragmented and incomplete skeletal collections that can confound osteological based methods and allows researchers to ask more nuanced questions about physiology in archaeological populations.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该博士学位论文研究项目旨在了解饮食，社会不平等和过去与健康相关的结果之间的关系。新的生物分子方法补充了存档的方法，以解决有关过去居住在城市社会的热带农业主义者的状况，健康和福祉的及时生物文化问题。了解社区和个人员工满足其营养需求的同时受到机构不平等的限制的策略的生物学文化后果是当今高度相关的话题。世界上大多数人口直接或间接受到影响食用食物类型，质量和数量的社会不平等现象。考古学非常适合通过将环境和社会变量与个人决策以及随之而来的与健康相关的结果联系起来，以洞悉这些复杂的关系。这项研究的重点是三个问题：（1）在结构性不平等的系统中，人们用来采购食物的策略； （2）与它们所面临的社会和环境限制有关的这些策略如何； （3）具有区分状态的个人的健康相关结果是什么？这项研究探讨了在生物学剩余的个人中如何观察到社会和环境条件的差异，以及他们如何构建壁ni以应对社会选择性的压力。以人类和植物生理为基础的多种类型的稳定同位素分析应用于档案骨骼，并将其用于现代新热带植物的样本，以评估生理状态并将植物类别与个体和社区水平饮食联系起来。从大约1500年前占据的三个政治中心中回收了样品。博士生在碳和氮化合物特异性同位素分析的新型应用中接受了培训。这些应用于人类和植物，并与仅块状组织同位素分析更详细地重建人类饮食的散装碳的研究。这种方法应用于热带农民，允许研究人员探索社会和环境压力之间的复杂关系，社区用来缓解这些压力的策略以及对生活在制度不平等系统中的人们的潜在生物学影响。此外，这项研究为未来的档案研究提供了路线图，该研究重点是在过去的十年左右的生活中，该研究也适用于零散且不完整的骨骼收集，这些骨骼收集可能会混淆基于骨学的方法，并允许研究人员通过核心奖励的范围来询问有关nsf ne Infortional of Trient of Necturial deem deem deem deem of deem of deem of deem of deem of deem of deem of deem a奖的问题。更广泛的影响审查标准。