RAPID: Coral reef stress responses to an urban fire

快速：珊瑚礁对城市火灾的应激反应

• 批准号: 2345201
• 负责人: Andrea Kealoha
• 金额: $ 19.99万
• 依托单位: University of Hawaii
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-10-01 至 2025-09-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2345201&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RAPID; Coral; reef; stress; responses

Maui’s coral reefs support subsistence, recreational, and commercial fishing, particularly for the large Native Hawaiian population. In August 2023, hurricane winds and low humidity combined with the recent drought to cause an unprecedented fire in Lahaina, an urban coastal town on the island of Maui. The fire quickly burned over 2170 acres and 2200 structures, releasing ash, particulate matter and potentially toxic materials into the adjacent coastal waters. This project provides novel information on the ecological impacts of wildfires to coral reefs to aid in climate change adaptation and emergency response planning. Cultural perspectives and traditional knowledge of Native Hawaiian community members are incorporated throughout the research process. The project directly supports four students, including a Native Hawaiian student, to participate in activities including field work, data collection, analyses and interpretation, and communication of research results.A wildfire in an urban city located adjacent to a coral reef is unprecedented but may become more common as expanding shoreline development intersects with potentially increased fire risk with climate change. The overall objective of this study is to examine the direct effects of urban wildfires and associated potential stressors - such as reduced water quality, acidification, hypoxia, and heavy metals - on coral reef ecosystem function and the potential for regime shifts favoring benthic algae instead of corals. Using the 2023 Lahaina wildfire as a case study, the project employs a “before-after control-impact” design to compare three west Maui reefs both affected and unaffected by wildfire, with special attention to the anticipated remobilization of organic matter, toxic compounds (e.g., polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) and metals following rain events in autumn. Physical and chemical water parameters will constrain the reef-scale carbon cycle and coral metabolism before, during and after runoff events to document the ecological responses to urban fire impacts. This project will support three Early Career Researchers, contribute toward research training for multiple graduate and undergraduate students, and provide valuable information about contaminants and water quality to a community that relies heavily on coral reef resources.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

毛伊岛的珊瑚礁支持生存，娱乐和商业捕鱼，特别是对于夏威夷大型本地人口。 2023年8月，飓风和湿度低，加上最近的干旱，在毛伊岛的城市沿海小镇拉海纳（Lahaina）造成了前所未有的大火。大火迅速燃烧了2170英亩和2200个结构，将灰烬，特定材料和潜在有毒物质释放到相邻的沿海水域中。该项目提供了有关野火对珊瑚礁的生态影响的新信息，以帮助气候变化适应和应急响应计划。在整个研究过程中均纳入了夏威夷本地社区成员的文化观点和传统知识。该项目直接支持四名学生，包括夏威夷本地学生，参加包括现场工作，数据收集，分析和解释以及研究结果的交流的活动。这项研究的总体目的是检查城市野火和相关潜在压力源的直接影响，例如降低水质，酸化，低氧和重金属 - 对珊瑚礁生态系统功能以及使用2023 lahaina wildfire的珊瑚礁生态系统功能以及进行政权转移的潜力，该项目作为一个案例研究，该项目通过“野外控制”设计了三种野外式的MAUI，而不是野外的MAUI，而不是野外的REEF，并使用了野外的斗争，并使用野外的斗争。特别注意有机物的预期重液，有毒化合物（例如，多环芳烃）和秋季事件后金属。物理和化学水参数将在径流事件之前，之中和之后限制礁石规模的碳周期和珊瑚代谢，以记录对城市火灾影响的生态反应。该项目将支持三名早期职业研究人员，为多个研究生和本科生的研究培训做出贡献，并向一个依赖珊瑚礁资源的社区提供有关污染物和水质的有价值信息。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并通过该基金会的知识绩效和广泛的影响来评估NSF的法定任务，并被认为是值得的。