RAPID: Death Valley after Hurricane Hilary: A study of desert landscape re-equilibration after extreme events

RAPID：希拉里飓风后的死亡谷：极端事件后沙漠景观重新平衡的研究

• 批准号: 2344982
• 负责人: Mackenzie Day
• 金额: $ 2.26万
• 依托单位: University of California-Los Angeles
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-09-01 至 2024-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2344982&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RAPID; Death; Valley; after; Hurricane

On August 20, 2023, the first tropical storm to hit California since the 1930’s traversed Death Valley National Park. Total of 2.2 inches of rain fell over the park in a single day, setting a new record equivalent to the park’s average annual rainfall. This led to unprecedented flooding and landscape change, the extent of which is still being determined. During normal conditions, Death Valley is among the most arid places in the world with landscape change driven by wind and infrequent alluvial and fluvial activity. In the aftermath of Hurricane Hilary, widespread flash flooding and debris flows carved deep channels will fundamentally alter the landscape providing an unprecedented opportunity to learn about the rates and drivers of landscape change following extreme events.This work will identify meter- to hundred-meter-scale changes caused by the storm and quantitatively document the post-storm landscape state. The immediate results of debris flows, flooding, and associated erosion define the boundary condition for future landscape development and recovery. This baseline landscape state is actively decaying and must be rapidly documented to address scientific questions related to landscape change in the wake of extreme events including What are the timescales of landscape re-equilibration at meter- to hundred-meter scales? How do extreme events redistribute or create new sources and sinks of sediment? How does vegetation recover in the wake of an extreme event? Exploring these questions requires the proposed baseline dataset that will be collected in this effort.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

自1930年代穿越死亡谷国家公园以来，2023年8月20日，第一次袭击了加利福尼亚的热带风暴。一天之内，公园总共降雨2.2英寸，创造了相当于公园平均年降雨量的新记录。这导致了前所未有的洪水和景观变化，其程度仍在确定。在正常情况下，死亡谷是世界上最干旱的地方之一，风景通过风和河流活性不断变化。在希拉里飓风之后，宽阔的山洪泛滥和碎屑流雕刻的深层渠道将从根本上改变景观，从而提供前所未有的机会，以了解极端事件后景观变化的速度和驱动因素。这项工作将识别米至百万计的变化，导致风暴和数量造成的状态和数量的状态，并记录了stortsort speritspepspep spepspape landscape landscape。碎片，洪水和相关侵蚀的直接结果定义了未来景观发展和恢复的边界条件。这种基线景观状态正在积极衰减，必须迅速记录以解决与景观变化有关的科学问题，包括极端事件，包括在仪表尺度上重新平衡的时间表是什么？极端事件如何重新分配或创建新的沉积物来源和水槽？极端事件后植被是否恢复？探索这些问题需要将在这项工作中收集的拟议的基线数据集。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并使用基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响审查标准，被视为通过评估来获得珍贵的支持。