CAREER: Marine Debris at Coastlines: predicting sources from drift, dispersion, and beaching via experiments and multiscale stochastic models

职业：海岸线的海洋碎片：通过实验和多尺度随机模型预测漂移、分散和搁浅的来源

• 批准号: 2338221
• 负责人: Nimish Pujara
• 金额: $ 56.39万
• 依托单位: University of Wisconsin-Madison
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2024
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2024-01-01 至 2028-12-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2338221&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Marine; Debris; Coastlines; predicting

Floating marine debris in oceans and lakes across a range of sizes from microplastics to larger debris is a pressing global issue with inputs projected to increase in the coming years and decades. Often, the worst impacts of marine debris pollution are at coastlines, where economies and ecosystems are much more sensitive to pollution and where debris can accumulate to high concentrations. Current knowledge of marine debris motion near coastlines is insufficient to predict how debris drift, disperse, and become beached. This project seeks to fill this knowledge gap by investigating the fate and transport of marine debris at coastlines. This research will produce new and more accurate models for how particles of different sizes and complex shapes interact with and are transported by complex wavy and turbulent flows at coastlines. The project will also include significant educational activities, including an initiative to leverage expertise across institutions to improve graduate student training and increase participation of students from diverse backgrounds in engineering research in partnership with a local high school.The goal of this project is to construct a multiscale stochastic model of marine debris at coastlines that includes how debris particles drift, disperse, and become beached. While most efforts in marine debris research have concentrated on characterizing pollution in open waters and in beach sediment, this project will consider how the complexities of debris size, shape, and density combine with the complexity of flow conditions in the coastal environment to determine marine debris fate and transport. Experimental and theoretical approaches at multiple scales will produce the parameters required to populate the overall model. On the experimental side, this will include advanced flow and particle tracking methods in different water wave flumes and basins. On the theoretical side, this will include discovering appropriate scaling relationships and dimensionless descriptions of debris drift, dispersion, and beaching through mathematical modelling and experimental data analysis. Overall, the results are expected to inform solutions for coastal protection against debris pollution. The project is co-funded by the NSF ENG/CBET Fluid Dynamics and Environmental Engineering programs.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

从微塑料到较大碎片的各种尺寸的海洋和湖泊中的浮动海洋碎片是一个紧迫的全球问题，预计未来几年和几十年的投入将增加。通常，海洋碎片污染的最大影响是海岸线，在海岸线上，经济和生态系统对污染更为敏感，碎片可以积聚到高浓度。当前对海岸线附近海洋碎片运动的了解不足以预测碎屑漂移，分散和滩涂。该项目旨在通过调查海岸线海洋碎片的命运和运输来填补这一知识空白。这项研究将为不同尺寸和复杂形状的颗粒与海岸线上的复杂波浪形和湍流流动并运输，为如何与不同尺寸和复杂形状的颗粒产生新的模型。该项目还将包括一项重大的教育活动，包括一项倡议，以利用机构的专业知识来改善研究生培训，并与当地高中合作，增加来自不同背景的工程研究的学生的参与。该项目的目的是构建在海岸线上的多尺度随机模型，其中包括如何在海岸线上进行海岸线，其中包括debris颗粒的方式，包括debris颗粒的方式浮出水面，散发出来，散发出来，散发出偏僻的境地。尽管海洋碎片研究中的大多数努力都集中在表征开放水域和海滩沉积物中的污染中，但该项目将考虑碎屑大小，形状和密度的复杂性如何与沿海环境中流动条件的复杂性相结合以确定海洋碎屑命运和运输。在多个尺度上的实验和理论方法将产生填充整体模型所需的参数。在实验侧，这将包括不同水波量和盆地中的高级流动和粒子跟踪方法。从理论方面来说，这将包括通过数学建模和实验数据分析发现适当的缩放关系以及碎片漂移，分散和海滩的无量纲描述。总体而言，结果预计将为解决碎屑污染的沿海保护方案提供信息。该项目由NSF Eng/CBET流体动力学和环境工程计划共同资助。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是值得通过基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响评估标准通过评估来获得支持的。