Integrating Risk Perception Measures, Antecedents, and Outcomes

整合风险感知措施、前因和结果

• 批准号: 2243689
• 负责人: Branden Johnson
• 金额: $ 29.77万
• 依托单位: Decision Science Research Institute
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-07-01 至 2024-02-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2243689&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Integrating; Risk; Perception; Measures; Antecedents

Risk perception has been central to risk analysis since it began, but how we define and measure “risk perception” can greatly affect scholars’ grasp of its sources or outcomes. Unfortunately, use of risk perception measures has been unsystematic, within and across multiple fields (e.g., health behavior). Strikingly, four critical topics—how to measure risk perception; how risk perception shapes outcomes such as behavioral intentions and policy support; and sources of risk perceptions—usually are studied separately, despite obvious mutual implications: e.g., whether and how risk perceptions are affected by, or affect, other variables might depend on how they are measured. Most quantitative research on these topics has used cross-sectional survey designs, inadequate to test most critical hypotheses. Temporal changes are better tested with longitudinal panel designs, but even when (rarely) used, far more attention is paid to the observed sign of the association than to whether its magnitude or sign varies over time. We also know little about whether or how these associations vary across hazards. By more systematically assessing associations across multiple perception measures, hazards, and time, the findings about similarities and differences can improve risk communication and risk management efforts. These improvements will reduce harms to humans and what they value. The proposed research uses focus groups and U.S. nationally representative cross-sectional and longitudinal panel surveys. This first systematic attempt to simultaneously model risk perception measures, antecedents, and outcomes (behavioral intentions, policy support) offers a chance to integrate a field splintered across these four related topics and multiple scholarly disciplines. This effort aims to provide a foundation that can be extended to both specific fields and topic areas, and potentially to other societies beyond the U.S. data generated in this research project. The new knowledge is about the degree to which risk perception patterns generalize across humans and situations.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

风险认知自诞生以来一直是风险分析的核心，但我们如何定义和衡量“风险认知”会极大地影响学者对其来源或结果的掌握。不幸的是，风险认知测量的使用在多个领域内和跨领域都是不系统的。 （例如，健康行为），尽管存在明显的相互影响，但通常会单独研究四个关键主题——如何衡量风险认知；风险认知如何影响行为意图和政策支持等结果；以及风险认知的来源：风险认知是否以及如何受其他变量影响或影响其他变量可能取决于如何测量这些主题，大多数定量研究都使用横截面调查设计，不足以检验大多数关键假设，但即使在纵向面板设计中也可以更好地检验时间变化。 （很少）使用，我们更多地关注观察到的关联迹象，而不是其大小或符号是否随时间变化。通过更系统地评估跨多种感知的关联，我们对这些关联是否或如何变化知之甚少。措施、危险和时间，有关相似性和发现的结果差异可以改善风险沟通和风险管理工作。这将减少对人类的伤害及其价值。这项研究利用焦点小组和美国全国代表性的横断面和纵向小组调查，试图同时模拟风险认知措施。 、前因和结果（行为意图、政策支持）提供了整合这四个相关主题和多个学术学科的领域的机会。这项工作旨在提供一个可以扩展到特定领域和主题领域的基础，以及潜在地该研究项目中产生的美国以外的其他社会的数据是关于风险认知模式在人类和情况下的普遍程度。该奖项授予 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和能力进行评估，被认为值得支持。更广泛的影响审查标准。