Collaborative Research: BoCP-Implementation: Quantifying the response of biodiverse freshwater ecosystems to abrupt and progressive environmental change

合作研究：BoCP-实施：量化生物多样性淡水生态系统对突然和渐进的环境变化的响应

• 批准号: 2325892
• 负责人: Caleb McMahan
• 金额: $ 38.82万
• 依托单位: Field Museum of Natural History
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2024
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2024-01-01 至 2028-12-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2325892&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; BoCP; Implementation; Quantifying

Coastal freshwater ecosystems are well-known for being biologically diverse and they provide important services to humans worldwide. With continued global warming, these coastal systems are at risk of undergoing dramatic environmental changes associated with rising seas. Future sea-level rise scenarios suggest either a gradual or a rapid upland migration of marine waters, yet the response of freshwater systems to these novel environmental conditions is unknown. Establishing an understanding of how ecosystems respond to marine water inundation is difficult to constrain using only modern observations. The low-lying freshwater ecosystem in eastern Guatemala, which is made up of two interconnected lakes and several important wetlands (known as the Izabal/Golfete system), has undergone two significant environmental changes during the recent past, one associated with a rapid and a second with a gradual inundation by marine waters. These two historical natural experiments provide an unparalleled opportunity to investigate how the Izabal/Golfete system responded to different degrees of environmental stress. This project will constrain these changes using sedimentological, geochemical, biological, and genetic methods. We aim to reveal how the environment and biota responded to these two scenarios of marine water inundation, providing crucial information to assess how this and other at-risk ecosystems will respond to future sea-level rise. We aim to provide essential data for managers and entities to safeguard these important biological hotspots, establish strong international relationships, and engage with local communities and governmental and educational institutions in the US and Guatemala. Future sea-level rise models suggest that marine flooding of coastal freshwater ecosystems will increase in frequency, yet the response of these biologically-diverse systems to different degrees of marine inundation is unknown. This project will use the Izabal/Golfete system, a freshwater ecosystem in eastern Guatemala, to assess how variations in marine inundation affected the environment and its functional diversity. Our study is therefore in an unrivaled position to make contributions to our understanding of how ecosystems function and respond to marine flooding events. We will do this by collecting sediment cores, surface sediment, fish, and water samples and generate high-resolution time series of environmental and biological changes using sedimentological, inorganic and organic geochemical, micropaleontological, and genetic data. The combination of datasets will allow us to model functional diversity through temporally different environmental stressors and transitions, allowing us to understand and forecast the response of freshwater ecosystems to marine inundation events. Finally, the highly integrative, multi-institution, and international nature of this project will be of significant benefit to the participating students, will allow us to establish several outreach programs in US and Guatemalan schools and museums, and will provide a foundation for understanding the impacts of potential change to the regional system in eastern Guatemala and other similar systems worldwide.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

沿海淡水生态系统以生物学上的多样化而闻名，它们为全世界的人类提供重要服务。随着全球变暖的持续，这些沿海系统有发生与海洋上升相关的巨大环境变化的风险。未来的海平面上升情景表明，海洋水域的逐渐或陆地迅速迁移，但是淡水系统对这些新型环境条件的反应尚不清楚。建立对生态系统如何应对海水淹没的理解很难仅使用现代观测来限制。东部危地马拉的低洼淡水生态系统由两个相互连接的湖泊和几个重要的湿地（称为伊扎巴尔/高尔夫球系统）组成，最近在最近发生了两次重大的环境变化，一种与海军陆战队的逐渐淹没有关，第二个与第二个有关。这两个历史自然实验提供了一个无与伦比的机会，可以研究izabal/golfete系统如何响应不同程度的环境压力。该项目将使用沉积学，地球化学，生物学和遗传学方法来限制这些变化。我们旨在揭示环境和生物群落如何应对这两种海洋水淹没的情况，从而提供重要的信息，以评估该和其他高危生态系统将如何应对未来的海平面上升。我们旨在为管理人员和实体提供必不可少的数据，以保护这些重要的生物热点，建立牢固的国际关系，并与当地社区以及美国和危地马拉的政府和教育机构互动。未来的海平面上升模型表明，沿海淡水生态系统的海洋洪水泛滥的频率将增加，但是这些生物多样性系统对不同程度的海洋淹没的响应尚不清楚。该项目将使用危地马拉东部的淡水生态系统Izabal/Golfete系统来评估海洋淹没的变化如何影响环境及其功能多样性。因此，我们的研究处于无与伦比的位置，可以为我们对生态系统的运作方式和对海洋洪水事件做出反应做出贡献。我们将通过收集沉积物核心，表面沉积物，鱼类和水样来做到这一点，并使用沉积学，无机和有机地球化学，微石材生产和遗传学数据产生高分辨率的环境和生物学变化时间序列。数据集的组合将使我们能够通过时间上不同的环境压力源和过渡对功能多样性进行建模，从而使我们能够理解和预测淡水生态系统对海洋淹没事件的响应。最后，该项目的高度融合，多机构和国际性质将对参与的学生带来重大好处，将使我们能够在美国和危地马拉的学校和博物馆中建立多个外展计划，并将为理解潜在变化的影响奠定了基础，以通过全球范围内的giatemala和其他类似的奖项来理解潜在变化对区域系统的影响。智力优点和更广泛的影响审查标准。